RELATIONAL DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM -II
MCA-401
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
SECTION -A
Degree of Data Abstraction, The Database life Cycle (DBLC): Initial study of the database, Database Design, Implementation and loading, Testing and Evaluation, Operation, Maintenance and evolution
SECTION - B
Centralized verses Decentralized Design, >what is a Transaction?, Concurrency Control (Locking Methods, Time stamping Method, Optimistic Method)DDBMS (Distributed Database Management Systems) Advantages and Disadvantages. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous DBMS, Distributed Databases Transparency features. Levels of Data and Process Distribution: SPSD (Single-site processing, Single-Site Data), MPSD (Multiple-Site Processing, Single-Site Data), MPMD (Multiple-Site processing, Multiple-Site Data)
SECTION - C
Client / Server systems, What is Client / Server? The forces that drive client / server system, client / server: Architecture and implementation issues
SECTION - D
(DSS) Decision Support Systems: Operational data vs. Decision support Data, The DSS Database requirements. The Data warehouse: The Evolution of the Date warehouse, rules for data warehouse. On-line Analytical Processing (OLAP): OLAP architecture relational, OLAP and comparison ,Data mining.
REFERENCES:
1. An Introduction to Database Systems (sixth Edition) By C. J. Date
2. Database Systems (3rd Edition) Galgotia Publications (P) Ltd. By Peter Rob Carlos Coronel
3. An Introduction to Database Systems By Bipin. C. Desai
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
MCA-402
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
A) Instructions for paper-setter The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus. Section E will have 10 short answer type questions which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
B) Instructions for candidates
1. Candidates are required to attempt one question each from sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.
2. Use of non-programmable scientific calculator is allowed.
SECTION-A
Software : Characteristics, Components, Applications, Software Process Models : Waterfall, Spiral, Prototyping, Fourth Generation Techniques, Concepts of Project Management , Role of Metrics & Measurements .
SECTION-B
S/W Project Planning : Objectives, Decomposition techniques : S/W Sizing, Problem-based estimation, Process based estimation, Cost Estimation Models : COCOMO Model, The S/W Equation, System Analysis : Principles of Structured Analysis, Requirement analysis , DFD, Entity Relationship diagram, Data dictionary.
SECTION-C
S/W Design: Objectives, Principles, Concepts, Design methodologies: Data design, Architectural design, procedural design, Object -oriented concepts
SECTION-D
Testing fundamentals: Objectives, principles, testability, Test cases: White box & Black box testing, Testing strategies: verification & validation, unit test, integration testing, validation testing, system testing
References :
1. Roger. S. Pressman, "Software Engineering - A Practitioner's Approach", McGraw Hill
2. R.E. Fairley, "Software Engineering Concepts", McGraw-Hill.
3. Jalota, "An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering", (Narosa Publishing House).
COMPUTER NETWORKS
MCA-403
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
A) Instructions for paper-setters The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 10 marks each. Section E will have 10-20 short answer type questions which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
B) Instructions for candidates
1. Candidates are required to attempt one question each from sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.
2. Use of non-programmable scientific calculator is allowed.
SECTION-A
Introduction to Data Communication; Analog VS. Digital Communication; Fourier Analysis, Band Width Limitation, Data rate of a channel, Error Detection and Correction: Nature of errors, parity check, CRC, Hamming Code, Modulation techniques, AM, PM, FM, Synchronous and Asynchronous Modulation; Multiplexing; SDM, FDM, TDM, STDM,
SECTION-B
Introduction to Computer networks and applications; Network Structure and Architecture, OSI reference model, Network standardization, Physical Layer: Circuit switching, Packet Switching, Message Switching, Terminal handling, Telephone system, modems, concentrators, Transmission Media.
SECTION-C
The Data link layer: Design Issues, Elementary Data Link Protocols, Sliding Window Protocol: One bit sliding window protocol, DLL in X.25., HDLC/SDLC, Multichannel access: ALOHA,CSMA/CD, collision free protocol, Introduction to IEEE Standards : 802.3, 802.4, 802.5.
SECTION-D
The Network Layer: Design Issues, Routing Algorithms: Optimality principle, shortest path routing, flooding, Broadcast & Multicast routing, Congestion control Algorithms: Principles of congestion control, flow specifications, choke packets, Concept of Internet Working.
BOOKS :
1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, "Computer Networks 2nd edition", PHI , Third Edition 1997.
2. Schwaber, "Data Communication",
3. William Stalling Maxwell, "Data and Computer Communication", 2nd edition, Macmillan International edition.
MICROPROCESSOR
MCA-404
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
Introduction to microprocessor, its historical background, Microprocessor applications, Microprocessor Architecture, real and protected mode memory addressing, memory paging. Addressing modes
Introduction to 8085, its instruction cycle and Timing diagram, Memory read and write operations, Instruction set for 8085, RISC v/s CISC processors.
Various types of instructions : Data movement, Arithmetic and logic; and program control. Type of instructions, pin diagram of 8086, clock generator (8284A)
Interrupts, 8259 Interrupt controller, 8237 DMA and basic DMA operation; Arithmetic coprocessor, 80 x 87 Architecture, Instruction set.
REFERENCES:
1. B. Brey The intel micro processors 8086/8086, 80186/80188, 80286,80386,80486 pentium and pentium pro processor Architecture, programming and interfacing 4th Edition.
2. B. Ram Fundamentals of microprocessors and HI microcomputers Dhanpat Bai Publication
ROBOTICS ENGINEERING(ELECTIVE I)
MCA-405
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
Section A
Introduction to Robotics, Manipulators & Mobile Robots, Classification of Robots, Robot Applications. Industrial application environment and workcells. Feeders and Oriented devices.Robot Anatomy, Robot and Effectors, Transmission and actuators, with special reference to servomotors.
Section B
Robot Arm Kinematics, World, Tool and joint co-ordinates, DH transformation and inverse Kinematics.Fundamentals of Closed loop control, PWM amplifiers, PID control, Robotics Sensors : Range, Proximity, Touch, Force & Torque Sensing, Uses of sensors in Robotics.
Section C
Machine Vision : Introduction to machine Vision, The sensing and digitizing function in Machine Vision, Image Processing and analysis, Training and Vision System, Robotic Application, Low & High Level Vision
Section D
Robot Programming & Languages & Environment : Different methods, Features of various programming methods, Case study, Robot Task Planning : concept, Different Methods, Robot Learning. Mobile Robot : Introduction, obstacle Representation, Motion Planning in fixed, Changing structured.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (ELECTIVE I)
MCA-405
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
SECTION - A
Introduction to AI : AI Problems, Underlying Assumption, AI technique, Level of the model, Criteria for success.
Problems, problem spaces and search : Defining the problem-Water jug problem, Production systems, problem characteristics, and Production system characteristics.
SECTION - B
Heuristic Search Techniques, Knowledge Representation : Approaches Issues Predicate Logic, Expert System. SECTION - C Weak and strong slot-and-filler structures : Weak : Semantic Nets, Frames as sets and Instances. Strong : Scripts, CYC.
SECTION - D
Natural language processing : Introduction, syntactic processing - Top down v/s Bottom up Parsing, Semantic analysis - Lexical processing, Sentence level processing Morphological, discourse and pragmatic processing.
References :
1. E. Rich and Knight, " Artificial Intelligence", Tata McGraw Hill.
2. E. Charnaik and D. McDermott, "Introduction to artificial Intelligence," Addison - Welsey Publishing Company.
3. Nils J. Nilson, "Principles of Artificial Intelligence," Narosa Publishing Co.
COMPUTER PERIPHERALS AND INTERFACES
MCA-405
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
A) Instruction for paper-setter The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 10 marks each. Section E will have 10 short answer type questions which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all
B) Instruction for candidates
1. candidate are required to attempt one question each from section A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.
2. Use of non-programmable scientific calculator is allowed.
OBJECTIVES At the end of this course on Computer Peripheral & Inter faces, the student be able : To learn the functional details of various peripheral devices i.e. video display units, disks tapes cartridges printers, Fax - Modems, TV, Interface, sound and video Blasters, CD-ROM, CD - WORM, DVD, Keyboard, Mouse, Digitizers and Plotters. To learn about different serial and parallel interfacing techniques different types of bus connections. To learn the software aspects of handling a peripheral device through the study of Input/Output drivers of the operating system. To learn design and integration of a peripheral device to a computer system.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Introduction to Input/Output communication in Computers - Programmed I/O, Interrupt, DMA, Special I/O controllers, I/O Processors.
Computer System Peripherals - Video Display EGA/VGA/SVGA Architectures and Adapters, Mouse Tablet, Magnetic Tape, Floppy disk, Hard disk, Optical disk, dot matrix printers, laser printers, line printers, CD-ROM DRIVE, CD-WORM DRIVE, DVD Keyboard and Plotters.
Serial data Communication - Synchronous and Asynchronous buses, Centronix, ISA, VESA, PCI, MCA, SCSI, EISA and support chip details.
Future Trends, Analysis of Recent Progress in the Peripheral and Bus System. Some Aspects of Cost performance analysis while designing the system.
TEXTS / REFERENCES :
ｷ P. Pal Chaudhari Computer Organisation and Design Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 1994
ｷ Robery S. Lai The Group Digital Bus Handbook McGraw Hill Publishing company 1990
ｷ Del Corso, J. D. Nicoud, Microcomputer buses and Links Academic Press 1986
ｷ Govindarajalu IBM PC and Clones : hardware Trouble Shooting and Maintenance Tat McGraw Hill 1991
ｷ Douglas V. Hall Microprocessor and Interfacing programming and Hardware McGraw Hill International Editions, 2nd Edition 1992.
SOFTWARE LAB VII (RDBMS II)
MCA-406
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
This laboratory course will mainly comprise of exercises on what is learnt under the paper: MCA-401 (RDBMS-II)
*
Maximum Marks for Continuous Assessment: 40
Maximum Marks for University Examination: 60
Note: The break up of marks for the practical (University examination) will be as unde
Lab Record15
Marks Viva Voce 15
Marks Program Development 30
Marks And Execution
HARDWARE LAB (UP)
MCA-407
Internal Assessment: 40
External Assessment: 60
This laboratory course will mainly comprise of exercises on what is learnt under the paper: MCA-404 (UP)
*
Maximum Marks for Continuous Assessment: 40
Maximum Marks for University Examination: 60
Note: The break up of marks for the practical (University examination) will be as under
Lab Record 15
Marks Viva Voce 15
Marks Program Development 30
Marks And Execution
Tuesday, October 23, 2007
UGC DECEMBER 2002 paper- I
Paper-I
UGC DECEMBER 2002
Note. This paper contains fifty(50) multiple-choice questions, each question carrying two (2) marks.
Attempt all of them.
1.There are six villages A, B, C, D, E and F.
F is 1 km west of D
B is 1 km east of E
A is 2 km north of E
C is 1 km east of A
D is 1 km south of A
Which of these villages are in a line?
a) A, C and B b) A, D and E
cj C, Band F d) E, Band D
2.Consider the Table given. On the basis of this Table, one could conclude that 'X' is
proportional to
a) (Y + Z) b) YIZ
c) (Y - Z) dY'YZ
3.Four persons. A, B, C and D had fruits from an open-air fruit stall. 'A' took grapes and
pineapple; 'B' ate grapes and oranges; 'C' took orange, pineapple and apple; 'D' ate grapes,
apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C were taken ill. The most likely cause of
illness of B and C is the consumption of
a) apple bj pineapple
c) grapes d) orange
4.The given histogram shows the frequency distribution of height (the number of students
in the given height range) of 30 students in a class. Which of the following statements
based on this histogram is/are correct?
X 1 Y Z
20 10 5
30 25 3
45 15 15/2
120 125 130 -' 35 140 145 150 Height in cm 10 he height of most of the students is
between 135 cm and 140 cm.
2.There are only two students whose heights are between 120 cm and 125 CM
3.Fifty percent of the students have their heights between 130 cm and 140 cm.Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) 2 alone
5. Two one-rupee coins are placed flat on a table. One coin `A' is rotated around the periphery of the other coin 'B' without slipping, till the original point of contact between the coins returns to its initial position The number of rotations made by coin 'A' in a fixed friction is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 1
6.Five persons, a professor (A), an IAS Officer (B), an Engineer (C), a Politician (D) and a
Doctor (E) live in five flats. The flats are built in such a manner that one is on top of
another, as one would see in a five-storey building 'A' has to go up to meet his friend
'B'. 'E' is friendly with everyone and has to go up as frequently as to go down. 'C' above
whose flat lives 'A's friend. From the ground floor upwards, the correct sequence of the
location of the flats of these persons is
a) C, A, B, E, D b} A, C, E, B, D c) B,
C, A, E, D d) A, D, E, C, B
7. Consider the following statements regarding cars parked at a parking lot:
1. All the Maruti cars parked here are white.
2. Some of these cars have radial tyres.
3. All Maruti cars manufactured after 1986 have radial tyres.
4. All cars are not Marutis.
Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the statements given above?
A) Only white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
B) Some white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
C) Cars other than Maruti do not have radial tyres
D) Most of the Maruti cars parked here were manufactured before 1986.
8. The graph shown in the figure relates to sales figures in thousands of TV sets of a particular company for the period 1990-97. On the basis of this graph, which of the following inferences would be valid?
1. TV sales increased constantly from '90 to'93.
2. Sales did not improve in `93-'95.
3. There was a sharp drop in sales in `95-96
4. Sales are not likely to improve from '97 onwards.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 B) 2 and 4 c)1,3 and 4 d) 1,2 and 3
9. The monthly income of a family is Rs. 3000. 20% of it is spent on children's education. Out
of the balance, 15% is spent on house rent and from what is left, 50% is spEjnt on provisions. Then which of the following statements would be true?
1. The amount spent on children's education is Rs. 600.
2. The amount spent on house rent is Rs. 450.
3. The amount spent on provisions is Rs. 1020
4. The family has Rs. 1020 per month for other expenses.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 b) 1,3 and 4
c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 3
10.Who is legally competent under the Indian Constitution to declare war or conclude peace?
a} The President
b) The Prime Minister
c) The Council of Ministers
d) The Parliament
11. The Road Ahead' is a book written by
a) Jyoti Basu b) L. K. Advani c) Bill Clinton d} Bill Gates
12. Which year shows the maximum percentage of export with respect of production?
a) 1992 b) 1993 c) 1996 d) 1995
13. The population of India in 1993 was
a) 800 million b) 1080 million c) 985 million d) 900 million
14. If the area under tea production was less by 10% in 1994 than 1993, then the approximate
rate of increase in productivity of tea in 1994 was
a) 97.22 b) 3 c) 35 d) Cannot be determined
15. The average proportion of tea exported to the tea produced over the period is
a) 0.87 b) 0.47 c) 0.48 d) 0.66
16. What is the first half decade's average per capita availability of tea?
a) 457 gms b) 535 gms c) 446 gms d) 430 gms
17.In which year was the per capita availability of tea minimum?
a) 1996 b) 1994 c) 1991 d) None of these
18. In which year was there minimum percentage explosion can make a rapid progress.
of export with respect to production?
a) 1991 b) 1992 c) 1993 d) 1994
19. In which year we had maximum quantity of tea for domestic consumption?
a) 1994 b) 1991 population explosion can make a rapid c) 1993 d) 1996 proqress.
Directions for questions 20 to 23: All India Monsoon Rainfall (1990 to 1999) June -September
20. The normal rainfall during the period 1990-1999 was experienced in the year(s)
a) 1994 b) 1993 & 1995 c) 1996-97 d) 1990
21. The year ..... witnessed the least rainfall.
a) 1991 b} 1999 c) 1992 d) 1993
22. Out of the 10 years studied, how many had above normal rainfall?
a} 3 b) 7 c) 5 d) 6
Directions for questions 23 to 27: Each of the following incomplete arguments is
followed by four sentences. One of the four completes the argument in order to justify
the conclusion. Pick that out.
23. India cannot make a rapid progress because India has a problem of population
explosion.
a) No country with population explosion can make a rapid progress.
b) Only a country without population
c) Some countries with population problem cannot make a rapid progress.
d) All countries which have a problem ofpopulation explosion can make a rapid proqress.
24. Man learns through experience as he has initiative by nature.
a) Some persons who take initiative by nature learn through experience.
b) All who have initiative by nature learn through experience.
c) None who has initiative by nature learns through experience.
d) Only few with initiative learn through experience.
25.We have now to fight for peace with some courage and determination as we fought
against aggression.
a) Many are fighting for peace who have fought against aggression.
b) All those who have fought against aggression should fight for peace
c) Some who are fighting for peace have fought against aggression.
d) None is fighting for peace who have fought for aggression.
26. Whom the gods love dies young.
a) Many die young who are gods.
b) Few die young who are gods
c) some who are loved by the gods die young
d) all those who love the gods die young
27. Education has produce a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth readlng
28.If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is B and the ratio of girls to boys is G, then 3 (B + G) is
a) equal to 3 b) less than 3 c) more than 3 d) less than 1/3
29. Tea worth Rs. 126 per kg and Rs. 135 per kg are mixed with a third variety in the ratio 1 : 1 : 2. If the mixture is worth Rs. 153 per kg the price of the third variety per kg will be
a) Rs. 169.50 b) Rs. 170 c) Rs. 175.50 d) Rs. 180
30. The average of 11 numbers is 10.9. If the average of the first six numbers is 10.5 and
that of the last six numbers is 11.4, then the middle (61") number is
a) 11.5 b) 11.4 c) 11.3 d) 11.0
31. there are 30 students in a class . the average are of the first 10 student is 12.5 years. the average are of the next 20 student is 13.1 years. the average age of the whole class is.
a) 12.5 years b)12.7 c) 12.8 d) 12.9 years
32. the perimeter of one face of cube is 20 cm. its volume must be
a) 8000 cm3 b) 100 cm3 c) 125cm3 d) 400 cm3
33.the number of revolutions made by a wheel of diameter 56 cm in covering a distance of 1.1 km is (use p=22/7)
a) 31.25 b) 56.25 c) 625 d) 62.5
Direction: Read the passages below and answer the question based on them :
Passage 1
the world of computer enthusiasts is in the grip of an ethical crisis. should copmuter viruses be classified as a life form? will consensus-building agencies take up the case for virus rights, protest the death penalty, demand that their clents be set apart in enclaves ? None of this is beyond the bound of probabilty, considering the pitch of the debates that rage on the internet, the global computer network set up 30 years ago by the U.S. defence research establishment. A new society is coming to birth in virtual reality; one is easily seduced into forgetting that these bizarre events are taking place inside a Xerox corporation computer at Palo Alto, California. If the science fiction of the '30s gave the world the concept of the
Cyborg, a creature half human and half-computer, the Internet today seems poised on the verge of the Cyborg. If a recent case is any indication, the simple etiquette which has so far governed social behaviour among Internet users will no longer suffice to administer this electronic Wild West. That solecisms in the world's latest frontier of society have attained a real-world level of scandal is obvious from the manner in which, earlier this year, an electronic intruder broke into a conversation among female users and aimed obscene visuals at them. This raised a storm of outrage. Internet users first bombarded his electronic mail box with rebukes and then had him expelled. The issue leads into uncharted philosophical
territory: in virtual space, can one deterenine where the body ends and mind begins? At
what point do word and image translate as act? Human society seems to possess a reverse Midas touch, contaminating every system it comes into contact with. The day is not distant when all the vicious impulses of the real world will have colonised virtuality, and another Utopia will have gone down the chute.
34. The central idea being followed in the passage is:
(a) the danger posed by viruses to Internetusers
(b) the status of sanctity of computer information routes.
(c) the degrading moral standards of our Society
(d) the role of morality it-, !he formation of computer information high-ways,
35. The term chute' in the passage specifically refers to:
(a) the concept of the Cyborg
(b) the science fiction of the `30s.
(c) a creature half human and half computer of the science fiction of the 30s.
(d) none of the above.
36. The term "solecisms" is used to highlight:
(a) the basic codes of ethical conduct
(b) breach of protocol
(c) the role of virus affected information
(d) none of the above
Passage - 2
The difference between different kinds of writing lies not so much in the writing itself, but
in the way we look at it (and, of course, in the way the author wished us to look at it; but we
often know very little about that). Literary forms do not exist outside our own minds. When we
read anything, no matter what - a description of a scientific experiment, a history book, a
ballad, or a novel -- in so far as we pay attention only to what things are happening one after
another to something or somebody, it is a story; in so far as we read it only to learn the way in which something or someone behaves in certain circumstances, it is science; in so far
as we read it only to find out what has actually happened in the past, it is history People often ask what is the difference beaween poetry and prose. The only difference is :-,l the way the writer looks at things. For instance, the novelist starts with a general idea in his mind; say, that people are always trying to escape from their responsibilities, and that escape only leaves them in a worse mess. Then he writes a story about what happened to Mr. and Mrs. Smith.
He may never say, in so many words, that they tried to escape, never mention his idea, but
this idea is the force that drives the story along. The poet, on the other hand, hears people
talking in his club about the sad story of Mr. and Mrs Smith. He thinks, 'There is now, that's very interesting. They are just like everybody else; trying to get around life. It's like those sailors who tried to get to India by the Northwest Passage On they go, getting farther and farther into the ice, miles from home. Why, that's a good idea `or a poem.' He writes a poem about explorers, he may never mention Mr. and Mrs. Smith at ail. The novelist then goes from the general to the particular, the poet from the particular to the general, and you can see this also in the way they use words. The novelist uses words with their general meaning, and
uses a whole lot of them to build up a particular effect: his character. The poet uses words with their particular meanings and puts them together to give a general effect: his ideas.
Actually, of course, nearly all novels and all poems except very short ones have both ways
of looking at things in them (e.g. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is more like a novel in verse;
Mefville's Moby Dick is more like a poem in prose). All you can say is that one way is typical
of the novelist and the other of the poet.
37.An appropriate title of this passage be,
(a) Of Poets and Novelists (b) Of Poetry (c) Of Novels (d) Of Literature
38.According to the author,
a) Each person reads a particular piece readers'of writing with the same motive.
b) Every person has a different motive in reading a particular piece of writing.
c) Some pieces of writing are not read by people at all.
d) None of the above.
39. One piece of writing can be distinguished from the other by.
i) the difference in the author's style of writing.
ii) the difference in the reader view toward the writings.
III. the way the meaning has been used.
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) III only (d) I & II
40.The essential difference in the approaches of a novelist and a poet is that,
(a) The novelist moves from particular general.
(b) The poet moves from general to particular.
(c) The poet general.difference. both
(d) There in no and the same.
41. The novelist builds up,
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
42. The poet builds up
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Directions Q. 43 to 47, Choose the pair of words which best expresses the relationship
similar to that expressed in the capitalised pairs.
43. ADJACENT: OBJECTS
(a) modern : times
(b) gradual : degrees
c) contemporary : events
d) repetitive : steps
44. FACILITATE: HAMPER
(a) animate : feed
(b) conventional : naive
(c) urbane : remote
(d) birth : demise
45. DENOUNCE : CONDONE
a) endure : imagine
b) antithetical : supportive
c) unnatural : noncommittal
d) natural : committal
46. SALUBRIOUS: BANEFUL
(a) contemplate : intimidate
(b) alleviate : exacerbate
(c) probity : fallacy
(d) susceptible : desultory
47. LANDSLIDE : PEBBLE
(a) deluge : droplet
(b) beach : wave
(c) desert : oasis
(d) rain : puddle
Directions for Q. 48 to 50: Choose the ORDERED pair of statements, where the first
statement implies the second, and the two are logically consistent with the main statement.
48. If our ancestors were monkeys, we would be anthropoids today.
A .We are not anthropoids
B. Our ancestors were monkeys
C. We are anthropoids
D. Our ancestors were not monkeys
(a) DA (b) CB (c) AB (d) AD
49. Task A, if ever accomplished; can transform our lives.
A Our lives have been transformed
B. Our lives have not been transformed
C. Task A has not been accomplished
D. Task A has been accomplished
(a) CB (b) BC (c) AC (d) AD
50. Press either of the buttons X and Y and the drink will come out.
A The drink has come out
B. Either X or Y has been pressed
C. The drink has not come out
D. Button Y has been pressed
(a) AB (b) AD (c) DA (d) DC
UGC DECEMBER 2002
Note. This paper contains fifty(50) multiple-choice questions, each question carrying two (2) marks.
Attempt all of them.
1.There are six villages A, B, C, D, E and F.
F is 1 km west of D
B is 1 km east of E
A is 2 km north of E
C is 1 km east of A
D is 1 km south of A
Which of these villages are in a line?
a) A, C and B b) A, D and E
cj C, Band F d) E, Band D
2.Consider the Table given. On the basis of this Table, one could conclude that 'X' is
proportional to
a) (Y + Z) b) YIZ
c) (Y - Z) dY'YZ
3.Four persons. A, B, C and D had fruits from an open-air fruit stall. 'A' took grapes and
pineapple; 'B' ate grapes and oranges; 'C' took orange, pineapple and apple; 'D' ate grapes,
apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C were taken ill. The most likely cause of
illness of B and C is the consumption of
a) apple bj pineapple
c) grapes d) orange
4.The given histogram shows the frequency distribution of height (the number of students
in the given height range) of 30 students in a class. Which of the following statements
based on this histogram is/are correct?
X 1 Y Z
20 10 5
30 25 3
45 15 15/2
120 125 130 -' 35 140 145 150 Height in cm 10 he height of most of the students is
between 135 cm and 140 cm.
2.There are only two students whose heights are between 120 cm and 125 CM
3.Fifty percent of the students have their heights between 130 cm and 140 cm.Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) 2 alone
5. Two one-rupee coins are placed flat on a table. One coin `A' is rotated around the periphery of the other coin 'B' without slipping, till the original point of contact between the coins returns to its initial position The number of rotations made by coin 'A' in a fixed friction is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 1
6.Five persons, a professor (A), an IAS Officer (B), an Engineer (C), a Politician (D) and a
Doctor (E) live in five flats. The flats are built in such a manner that one is on top of
another, as one would see in a five-storey building 'A' has to go up to meet his friend
'B'. 'E' is friendly with everyone and has to go up as frequently as to go down. 'C' above
whose flat lives 'A's friend. From the ground floor upwards, the correct sequence of the
location of the flats of these persons is
a) C, A, B, E, D b} A, C, E, B, D c) B,
C, A, E, D d) A, D, E, C, B
7. Consider the following statements regarding cars parked at a parking lot:
1. All the Maruti cars parked here are white.
2. Some of these cars have radial tyres.
3. All Maruti cars manufactured after 1986 have radial tyres.
4. All cars are not Marutis.
Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the statements given above?
A) Only white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
B) Some white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
C) Cars other than Maruti do not have radial tyres
D) Most of the Maruti cars parked here were manufactured before 1986.
8. The graph shown in the figure relates to sales figures in thousands of TV sets of a particular company for the period 1990-97. On the basis of this graph, which of the following inferences would be valid?
1. TV sales increased constantly from '90 to'93.
2. Sales did not improve in `93-'95.
3. There was a sharp drop in sales in `95-96
4. Sales are not likely to improve from '97 onwards.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 B) 2 and 4 c)1,3 and 4 d) 1,2 and 3
9. The monthly income of a family is Rs. 3000. 20% of it is spent on children's education. Out
of the balance, 15% is spent on house rent and from what is left, 50% is spEjnt on provisions. Then which of the following statements would be true?
1. The amount spent on children's education is Rs. 600.
2. The amount spent on house rent is Rs. 450.
3. The amount spent on provisions is Rs. 1020
4. The family has Rs. 1020 per month for other expenses.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 b) 1,3 and 4
c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 3
10.Who is legally competent under the Indian Constitution to declare war or conclude peace?
a} The President
b) The Prime Minister
c) The Council of Ministers
d) The Parliament
11. The Road Ahead' is a book written by
a) Jyoti Basu b) L. K. Advani c) Bill Clinton d} Bill Gates
12. Which year shows the maximum percentage of export with respect of production?
a) 1992 b) 1993 c) 1996 d) 1995
13. The population of India in 1993 was
a) 800 million b) 1080 million c) 985 million d) 900 million
14. If the area under tea production was less by 10% in 1994 than 1993, then the approximate
rate of increase in productivity of tea in 1994 was
a) 97.22 b) 3 c) 35 d) Cannot be determined
15. The average proportion of tea exported to the tea produced over the period is
a) 0.87 b) 0.47 c) 0.48 d) 0.66
16. What is the first half decade's average per capita availability of tea?
a) 457 gms b) 535 gms c) 446 gms d) 430 gms
17.In which year was the per capita availability of tea minimum?
a) 1996 b) 1994 c) 1991 d) None of these
18. In which year was there minimum percentage explosion can make a rapid progress.
of export with respect to production?
a) 1991 b) 1992 c) 1993 d) 1994
19. In which year we had maximum quantity of tea for domestic consumption?
a) 1994 b) 1991 population explosion can make a rapid c) 1993 d) 1996 proqress.
Directions for questions 20 to 23: All India Monsoon Rainfall (1990 to 1999) June -September
20. The normal rainfall during the period 1990-1999 was experienced in the year(s)
a) 1994 b) 1993 & 1995 c) 1996-97 d) 1990
21. The year ..... witnessed the least rainfall.
a) 1991 b} 1999 c) 1992 d) 1993
22. Out of the 10 years studied, how many had above normal rainfall?
a} 3 b) 7 c) 5 d) 6
Directions for questions 23 to 27: Each of the following incomplete arguments is
followed by four sentences. One of the four completes the argument in order to justify
the conclusion. Pick that out.
23. India cannot make a rapid progress because India has a problem of population
explosion.
a) No country with population explosion can make a rapid progress.
b) Only a country without population
c) Some countries with population problem cannot make a rapid progress.
d) All countries which have a problem ofpopulation explosion can make a rapid proqress.
24. Man learns through experience as he has initiative by nature.
a) Some persons who take initiative by nature learn through experience.
b) All who have initiative by nature learn through experience.
c) None who has initiative by nature learns through experience.
d) Only few with initiative learn through experience.
25.We have now to fight for peace with some courage and determination as we fought
against aggression.
a) Many are fighting for peace who have fought against aggression.
b) All those who have fought against aggression should fight for peace
c) Some who are fighting for peace have fought against aggression.
d) None is fighting for peace who have fought for aggression.
26. Whom the gods love dies young.
a) Many die young who are gods.
b) Few die young who are gods
c) some who are loved by the gods die young
d) all those who love the gods die young
27. Education has produce a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth readlng
28.If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is B and the ratio of girls to boys is G, then 3 (B + G) is
a) equal to 3 b) less than 3 c) more than 3 d) less than 1/3
29. Tea worth Rs. 126 per kg and Rs. 135 per kg are mixed with a third variety in the ratio 1 : 1 : 2. If the mixture is worth Rs. 153 per kg the price of the third variety per kg will be
a) Rs. 169.50 b) Rs. 170 c) Rs. 175.50 d) Rs. 180
30. The average of 11 numbers is 10.9. If the average of the first six numbers is 10.5 and
that of the last six numbers is 11.4, then the middle (61") number is
a) 11.5 b) 11.4 c) 11.3 d) 11.0
31. there are 30 students in a class . the average are of the first 10 student is 12.5 years. the average are of the next 20 student is 13.1 years. the average age of the whole class is.
a) 12.5 years b)12.7 c) 12.8 d) 12.9 years
32. the perimeter of one face of cube is 20 cm. its volume must be
a) 8000 cm3 b) 100 cm3 c) 125cm3 d) 400 cm3
33.the number of revolutions made by a wheel of diameter 56 cm in covering a distance of 1.1 km is (use p=22/7)
a) 31.25 b) 56.25 c) 625 d) 62.5
Direction: Read the passages below and answer the question based on them :
Passage 1
the world of computer enthusiasts is in the grip of an ethical crisis. should copmuter viruses be classified as a life form? will consensus-building agencies take up the case for virus rights, protest the death penalty, demand that their clents be set apart in enclaves ? None of this is beyond the bound of probabilty, considering the pitch of the debates that rage on the internet, the global computer network set up 30 years ago by the U.S. defence research establishment. A new society is coming to birth in virtual reality; one is easily seduced into forgetting that these bizarre events are taking place inside a Xerox corporation computer at Palo Alto, California. If the science fiction of the '30s gave the world the concept of the
Cyborg, a creature half human and half-computer, the Internet today seems poised on the verge of the Cyborg. If a recent case is any indication, the simple etiquette which has so far governed social behaviour among Internet users will no longer suffice to administer this electronic Wild West. That solecisms in the world's latest frontier of society have attained a real-world level of scandal is obvious from the manner in which, earlier this year, an electronic intruder broke into a conversation among female users and aimed obscene visuals at them. This raised a storm of outrage. Internet users first bombarded his electronic mail box with rebukes and then had him expelled. The issue leads into uncharted philosophical
territory: in virtual space, can one deterenine where the body ends and mind begins? At
what point do word and image translate as act? Human society seems to possess a reverse Midas touch, contaminating every system it comes into contact with. The day is not distant when all the vicious impulses of the real world will have colonised virtuality, and another Utopia will have gone down the chute.
34. The central idea being followed in the passage is:
(a) the danger posed by viruses to Internetusers
(b) the status of sanctity of computer information routes.
(c) the degrading moral standards of our Society
(d) the role of morality it-, !he formation of computer information high-ways,
35. The term chute' in the passage specifically refers to:
(a) the concept of the Cyborg
(b) the science fiction of the `30s.
(c) a creature half human and half computer of the science fiction of the 30s.
(d) none of the above.
36. The term "solecisms" is used to highlight:
(a) the basic codes of ethical conduct
(b) breach of protocol
(c) the role of virus affected information
(d) none of the above
Passage - 2
The difference between different kinds of writing lies not so much in the writing itself, but
in the way we look at it (and, of course, in the way the author wished us to look at it; but we
often know very little about that). Literary forms do not exist outside our own minds. When we
read anything, no matter what - a description of a scientific experiment, a history book, a
ballad, or a novel -- in so far as we pay attention only to what things are happening one after
another to something or somebody, it is a story; in so far as we read it only to learn the way in which something or someone behaves in certain circumstances, it is science; in so far
as we read it only to find out what has actually happened in the past, it is history People often ask what is the difference beaween poetry and prose. The only difference is :-,l the way the writer looks at things. For instance, the novelist starts with a general idea in his mind; say, that people are always trying to escape from their responsibilities, and that escape only leaves them in a worse mess. Then he writes a story about what happened to Mr. and Mrs. Smith.
He may never say, in so many words, that they tried to escape, never mention his idea, but
this idea is the force that drives the story along. The poet, on the other hand, hears people
talking in his club about the sad story of Mr. and Mrs Smith. He thinks, 'There is now, that's very interesting. They are just like everybody else; trying to get around life. It's like those sailors who tried to get to India by the Northwest Passage On they go, getting farther and farther into the ice, miles from home. Why, that's a good idea `or a poem.' He writes a poem about explorers, he may never mention Mr. and Mrs. Smith at ail. The novelist then goes from the general to the particular, the poet from the particular to the general, and you can see this also in the way they use words. The novelist uses words with their general meaning, and
uses a whole lot of them to build up a particular effect: his character. The poet uses words with their particular meanings and puts them together to give a general effect: his ideas.
Actually, of course, nearly all novels and all poems except very short ones have both ways
of looking at things in them (e.g. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is more like a novel in verse;
Mefville's Moby Dick is more like a poem in prose). All you can say is that one way is typical
of the novelist and the other of the poet.
37.An appropriate title of this passage be,
(a) Of Poets and Novelists (b) Of Poetry (c) Of Novels (d) Of Literature
38.According to the author,
a) Each person reads a particular piece readers'of writing with the same motive.
b) Every person has a different motive in reading a particular piece of writing.
c) Some pieces of writing are not read by people at all.
d) None of the above.
39. One piece of writing can be distinguished from the other by.
i) the difference in the author's style of writing.
ii) the difference in the reader view toward the writings.
III. the way the meaning has been used.
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) III only (d) I & II
40.The essential difference in the approaches of a novelist and a poet is that,
(a) The novelist moves from particular general.
(b) The poet moves from general to particular.
(c) The poet general.difference. both
(d) There in no and the same.
41. The novelist builds up,
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
42. The poet builds up
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Directions Q. 43 to 47, Choose the pair of words which best expresses the relationship
similar to that expressed in the capitalised pairs.
43. ADJACENT: OBJECTS
(a) modern : times
(b) gradual : degrees
c) contemporary : events
d) repetitive : steps
44. FACILITATE: HAMPER
(a) animate : feed
(b) conventional : naive
(c) urbane : remote
(d) birth : demise
45. DENOUNCE : CONDONE
a) endure : imagine
b) antithetical : supportive
c) unnatural : noncommittal
d) natural : committal
46. SALUBRIOUS: BANEFUL
(a) contemplate : intimidate
(b) alleviate : exacerbate
(c) probity : fallacy
(d) susceptible : desultory
47. LANDSLIDE : PEBBLE
(a) deluge : droplet
(b) beach : wave
(c) desert : oasis
(d) rain : puddle
Directions for Q. 48 to 50: Choose the ORDERED pair of statements, where the first
statement implies the second, and the two are logically consistent with the main statement.
48. If our ancestors were monkeys, we would be anthropoids today.
A .We are not anthropoids
B. Our ancestors were monkeys
C. We are anthropoids
D. Our ancestors were not monkeys
(a) DA (b) CB (c) AB (d) AD
49. Task A, if ever accomplished; can transform our lives.
A Our lives have been transformed
B. Our lives have not been transformed
C. Task A has not been accomplished
D. Task A has been accomplished
(a) CB (b) BC (c) AC (d) AD
50. Press either of the buttons X and Y and the drink will come out.
A The drink has come out
B. Either X or Y has been pressed
C. The drink has not come out
D. Button Y has been pressed
(a) AB (b) AD (c) DA (d) DC
UGC DECEMBER 2002 paper- I
Paper-I
UGC DECEMBER 2002
Note. This paper contains fifty(50) multiple-choice questions, each question carrying two (2) marks.
Attempt all of them.
1.There are six villages A, B, C, D, E and F.
F is 1 km west of D
B is 1 km east of E
A is 2 km north of E
C is 1 km east of A
D is 1 km south of A
Which of these villages are in a line?
a) A, C and B b) A, D and E
cj C, Band F d) E, Band D
2.Consider the Table given. On the basis of this Table, one could conclude that 'X' is
proportional to
a) (Y + Z) b) YIZ
c) (Y - Z) dY'YZ
3.Four persons. A, B, C and D had fruits from an open-air fruit stall. 'A' took grapes and
pineapple; 'B' ate grapes and oranges; 'C' took orange, pineapple and apple; 'D' ate grapes,
apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C were taken ill. The most likely cause of
illness of B and C is the consumption of
a) apple bj pineapple
c) grapes d) orange
4.The given histogram shows the frequency distribution of height (the number of students
in the given height range) of 30 students in a class. Which of the following statements
based on this histogram is/are correct?
X 1 Y Z
20 10 5
30 25 3
45 15 15/2
120 125 130 -' 35 140 145 150 Height in cm 10 he height of most of the students is
between 135 cm and 140 cm.
2.There are only two students whose heights are between 120 cm and 125 CM
3.Fifty percent of the students have their heights between 130 cm and 140 cm.Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) 2 alone
5. Two one-rupee coins are placed flat on a table. One coin `A' is rotated around the periphery of the other coin 'B' without slipping, till the original point of contact between the coins returns to its initial position The number of rotations made by coin 'A' in a fixed friction is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 1
6.Five persons, a professor (A), an IAS Officer (B), an Engineer (C), a Politician (D) and a
Doctor (E) live in five flats. The flats are built in such a manner that one is on top of
another, as one would see in a five-storey building 'A' has to go up to meet his friend
'B'. 'E' is friendly with everyone and has to go up as frequently as to go down. 'C' above
whose flat lives 'A's friend. From the ground floor upwards, the correct sequence of the
location of the flats of these persons is
a) C, A, B, E, D b} A, C, E, B, D c) B,
C, A, E, D d) A, D, E, C, B
7. Consider the following statements regarding cars parked at a parking lot:
1. All the Maruti cars parked here are white.
2. Some of these cars have radial tyres.
3. All Maruti cars manufactured after 1986 have radial tyres.
4. All cars are not Marutis.
Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the statements given above?
A) Only white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
B) Some white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
C) Cars other than Maruti do not have radial tyres
D) Most of the Maruti cars parked here were manufactured before 1986.
8. The graph shown in the figure relates to sales figures in thousands of TV sets of a particular company for the period 1990-97. On the basis of this graph, which of the following inferences would be valid?
1. TV sales increased constantly from '90 to'93.
2. Sales did not improve in `93-'95.
3. There was a sharp drop in sales in `95-96
4. Sales are not likely to improve from '97 onwards.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 B) 2 and 4 c)1,3 and 4 d) 1,2 and 3
9. The monthly income of a family is Rs. 3000. 20% of it is spent on children's education. Out
of the balance, 15% is spent on house rent and from what is left, 50% is spEjnt on provisions. Then which of the following statements would be true?
1. The amount spent on children's education is Rs. 600.
2. The amount spent on house rent is Rs. 450.
3. The amount spent on provisions is Rs. 1020
4. The family has Rs. 1020 per month for other expenses.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 b) 1,3 and 4
c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 3
10.Who is legally competent under the Indian Constitution to declare war or conclude peace?
a} The President
b) The Prime Minister
c) The Council of Ministers
d) The Parliament
11. The Road Ahead' is a book written by
a) Jyoti Basu b) L. K. Advani c) Bill Clinton d} Bill Gates
12. Which year shows the maximum percentage of export with respect of production?
a) 1992 b) 1993 c) 1996 d) 1995
13. The population of India in 1993 was
a) 800 million b) 1080 million c) 985 million d) 900 million
14. If the area under tea production was less by 10% in 1994 than 1993, then the approximate
rate of increase in productivity of tea in 1994 was
a) 97.22 b) 3 c) 35 d) Cannot be determined
15. The average proportion of tea exported to the tea produced over the period is
a) 0.87 b) 0.47 c) 0.48 d) 0.66
16. What is the first half decade's average per capita availability of tea?
a) 457 gms b) 535 gms c) 446 gms d) 430 gms
17.In which year was the per capita availability of tea minimum?
a) 1996 b) 1994 c) 1991 d) None of these
18. In which year was there minimum percentage explosion can make a rapid progress.
of export with respect to production?
a) 1991 b) 1992 c) 1993 d) 1994
19. In which year we had maximum quantity of tea for domestic consumption?
a) 1994 b) 1991 population explosion can make a rapid c) 1993 d) 1996 proqress.
Directions for questions 20 to 23: All India Monsoon Rainfall (1990 to 1999) June -September
20. The normal rainfall during the period 1990-1999 was experienced in the year(s)
a) 1994 b) 1993 & 1995 c) 1996-97 d) 1990
21. The year ..... witnessed the least rainfall.
a) 1991 b} 1999 c) 1992 d) 1993
22. Out of the 10 years studied, how many had above normal rainfall?
a} 3 b) 7 c) 5 d) 6
Directions for questions 23 to 27: Each of the following incomplete arguments is
followed by four sentences. One of the four completes the argument in order to justify
the conclusion. Pick that out.
23. India cannot make a rapid progress because India has a problem of population
explosion.
a) No country with population explosion can make a rapid progress.
b) Only a country without population
c) Some countries with population problem cannot make a rapid progress.
d) All countries which have a problem ofpopulation explosion can make a rapid proqress.
24. Man learns through experience as he has initiative by nature.
a) Some persons who take initiative by nature learn through experience.
b) All who have initiative by nature learn through experience.
c) None who has initiative by nature learns through experience.
d) Only few with initiative learn through experience.
25.We have now to fight for peace with some courage and determination as we fought
against aggression.
a) Many are fighting for peace who have fought against aggression.
b) All those who have fought against aggression should fight for peace
c) Some who are fighting for peace have fought against aggression.
d) None is fighting for peace who have fought for aggression.
26. Whom the gods love dies young.
a) Many die young who are gods.
b) Few die young who are gods
c) some who are loved by the gods die young
d) all those who love the gods die young
27. Education has produce a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth readlng
28.If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is B and the ratio of girls to boys is G, then 3 (B + G) is
a) equal to 3 b) less than 3 c) more than 3 d) less than 1/3
29. Tea worth Rs. 126 per kg and Rs. 135 per kg are mixed with a third variety in the ratio 1 : 1 : 2. If the mixture is worth Rs. 153 per kg the price of the third variety per kg will be
a) Rs. 169.50 b) Rs. 170 c) Rs. 175.50 d) Rs. 180
30. The average of 11 numbers is 10.9. If the average of the first six numbers is 10.5 and
that of the last six numbers is 11.4, then the middle (61") number is
a) 11.5 b) 11.4 c) 11.3 d) 11.0
31. there are 30 students in a class . the average are of the first 10 student is 12.5 years. the average are of the next 20 student is 13.1 years. the average age of the whole class is.
a) 12.5 years b)12.7 c) 12.8 d) 12.9 years
32. the perimeter of one face of cube is 20 cm. its volume must be
a) 8000 cm3 b) 100 cm3 c) 125cm3 d) 400 cm3
33.the number of revolutions made by a wheel of diameter 56 cm in covering a distance of 1.1 km is (use p=22/7)
a) 31.25 b) 56.25 c) 625 d) 62.5
Direction: Read the passages below and answer the question based on them :
Passage 1
the world of computer enthusiasts is in the grip of an ethical crisis. should copmuter viruses be classified as a life form? will consensus-building agencies take up the case for virus rights, protest the death penalty, demand that their clents be set apart in enclaves ? None of this is beyond the bound of probabilty, considering the pitch of the debates that rage on the internet, the global computer network set up 30 years ago by the U.S. defence research establishment. A new society is coming to birth in virtual reality; one is easily seduced into forgetting that these bizarre events are taking place inside a Xerox corporation computer at Palo Alto, California. If the science fiction of the '30s gave the world the concept of the
Cyborg, a creature half human and half-computer, the Internet today seems poised on the verge of the Cyborg. If a recent case is any indication, the simple etiquette which has so far governed social behaviour among Internet users will no longer suffice to administer this electronic Wild West. That solecisms in the world's latest frontier of society have attained a real-world level of scandal is obvious from the manner in which, earlier this year, an electronic intruder broke into a conversation among female users and aimed obscene visuals at them. This raised a storm of outrage. Internet users first bombarded his electronic mail box with rebukes and then had him expelled. The issue leads into uncharted philosophical
territory: in virtual space, can one deterenine where the body ends and mind begins? At
what point do word and image translate as act? Human society seems to possess a reverse Midas touch, contaminating every system it comes into contact with. The day is not distant when all the vicious impulses of the real world will have colonised virtuality, and another Utopia will have gone down the chute.
34. The central idea being followed in the passage is:
(a) the danger posed by viruses to Internetusers
(b) the status of sanctity of computer information routes.
(c) the degrading moral standards of our Society
(d) the role of morality it-, !he formation of computer information high-ways,
35. The term chute' in the passage specifically refers to:
(a) the concept of the Cyborg
(b) the science fiction of the `30s.
(c) a creature half human and half computer of the science fiction of the 30s.
(d) none of the above.
36. The term "solecisms" is used to highlight:
(a) the basic codes of ethical conduct
(b) breach of protocol
(c) the role of virus affected information
(d) none of the above
Passage - 2
The difference between different kinds of writing lies not so much in the writing itself, but
in the way we look at it (and, of course, in the way the author wished us to look at it; but we
often know very little about that). Literary forms do not exist outside our own minds. When we
read anything, no matter what - a description of a scientific experiment, a history book, a
ballad, or a novel -- in so far as we pay attention only to what things are happening one after
another to something or somebody, it is a story; in so far as we read it only to learn the way in which something or someone behaves in certain circumstances, it is science; in so far
as we read it only to find out what has actually happened in the past, it is history People often ask what is the difference beaween poetry and prose. The only difference is :-,l the way the writer looks at things. For instance, the novelist starts with a general idea in his mind; say, that people are always trying to escape from their responsibilities, and that escape only leaves them in a worse mess. Then he writes a story about what happened to Mr. and Mrs. Smith.
He may never say, in so many words, that they tried to escape, never mention his idea, but
this idea is the force that drives the story along. The poet, on the other hand, hears people
talking in his club about the sad story of Mr. and Mrs Smith. He thinks, 'There is now, that's very interesting. They are just like everybody else; trying to get around life. It's like those sailors who tried to get to India by the Northwest Passage On they go, getting farther and farther into the ice, miles from home. Why, that's a good idea `or a poem.' He writes a poem about explorers, he may never mention Mr. and Mrs. Smith at ail. The novelist then goes from the general to the particular, the poet from the particular to the general, and you can see this also in the way they use words. The novelist uses words with their general meaning, and
uses a whole lot of them to build up a particular effect: his character. The poet uses words with their particular meanings and puts them together to give a general effect: his ideas.
Actually, of course, nearly all novels and all poems except very short ones have both ways
of looking at things in them (e.g. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is more like a novel in verse;
Mefville's Moby Dick is more like a poem in prose). All you can say is that one way is typical
of the novelist and the other of the poet.
37.An appropriate title of this passage be,
(a) Of Poets and Novelists (b) Of Poetry (c) Of Novels (d) Of Literature
38.According to the author,
a) Each person reads a particular piece readers'of writing with the same motive.
b) Every person has a different motive in reading a particular piece of writing.
c) Some pieces of writing are not read by people at all.
d) None of the above.
39. One piece of writing can be distinguished from the other by.
i) the difference in the author's style of writing.
ii) the difference in the reader view toward the writings.
III. the way the meaning has been used.
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) III only (d) I & II
40.The essential difference in the approaches of a novelist and a poet is that,
(a) The novelist moves from particular general.
(b) The poet moves from general to particular.
(c) The poet general.difference. both
(d) There in no and the same.
41. The novelist builds up,
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
42. The poet builds up
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Directions Q. 43 to 47, Choose the pair of words which best expresses the relationship
similar to that expressed in the capitalised pairs.
43. ADJACENT: OBJECTS
(a) modern : times
(b) gradual : degrees
c) contemporary : events
d) repetitive : steps
44. FACILITATE: HAMPER
(a) animate : feed
(b) conventional : naive
(c) urbane : remote
(d) birth : demise
45. DENOUNCE : CONDONE
a) endure : imagine
b) antithetical : supportive
c) unnatural : noncommittal
d) natural : committal
46. SALUBRIOUS: BANEFUL
(a) contemplate : intimidate
(b) alleviate : exacerbate
(c) probity : fallacy
(d) susceptible : desultory
47. LANDSLIDE : PEBBLE
(a) deluge : droplet
(b) beach : wave
(c) desert : oasis
(d) rain : puddle
Directions for Q. 48 to 50: Choose the ORDERED pair of statements, where the first
statement implies the second, and the two are logically consistent with the main statement.
48. If our ancestors were monkeys, we would be anthropoids today.
A .We are not anthropoids
B. Our ancestors were monkeys
C. We are anthropoids
D. Our ancestors were not monkeys
(a) DA (b) CB (c) AB (d) AD
49. Task A, if ever accomplished; can transform our lives.
A Our lives have been transformed
B. Our lives have not been transformed
C. Task A has not been accomplished
D. Task A has been accomplished
(a) CB (b) BC (c) AC (d) AD
50. Press either of the buttons X and Y and the drink will come out.
A The drink has come out
B. Either X or Y has been pressed
C. The drink has not come out
D. Button Y has been pressed
(a) AB (b) AD (c) DA (d) DC
UGC DECEMBER 2002
Note. This paper contains fifty(50) multiple-choice questions, each question carrying two (2) marks.
Attempt all of them.
1.There are six villages A, B, C, D, E and F.
F is 1 km west of D
B is 1 km east of E
A is 2 km north of E
C is 1 km east of A
D is 1 km south of A
Which of these villages are in a line?
a) A, C and B b) A, D and E
cj C, Band F d) E, Band D
2.Consider the Table given. On the basis of this Table, one could conclude that 'X' is
proportional to
a) (Y + Z) b) YIZ
c) (Y - Z) dY'YZ
3.Four persons. A, B, C and D had fruits from an open-air fruit stall. 'A' took grapes and
pineapple; 'B' ate grapes and oranges; 'C' took orange, pineapple and apple; 'D' ate grapes,
apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C were taken ill. The most likely cause of
illness of B and C is the consumption of
a) apple bj pineapple
c) grapes d) orange
4.The given histogram shows the frequency distribution of height (the number of students
in the given height range) of 30 students in a class. Which of the following statements
based on this histogram is/are correct?
X 1 Y Z
20 10 5
30 25 3
45 15 15/2
120 125 130 -' 35 140 145 150 Height in cm 10 he height of most of the students is
between 135 cm and 140 cm.
2.There are only two students whose heights are between 120 cm and 125 CM
3.Fifty percent of the students have their heights between 130 cm and 140 cm.Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) 2 alone
5. Two one-rupee coins are placed flat on a table. One coin `A' is rotated around the periphery of the other coin 'B' without slipping, till the original point of contact between the coins returns to its initial position The number of rotations made by coin 'A' in a fixed friction is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 1
6.Five persons, a professor (A), an IAS Officer (B), an Engineer (C), a Politician (D) and a
Doctor (E) live in five flats. The flats are built in such a manner that one is on top of
another, as one would see in a five-storey building 'A' has to go up to meet his friend
'B'. 'E' is friendly with everyone and has to go up as frequently as to go down. 'C' above
whose flat lives 'A's friend. From the ground floor upwards, the correct sequence of the
location of the flats of these persons is
a) C, A, B, E, D b} A, C, E, B, D c) B,
C, A, E, D d) A, D, E, C, B
7. Consider the following statements regarding cars parked at a parking lot:
1. All the Maruti cars parked here are white.
2. Some of these cars have radial tyres.
3. All Maruti cars manufactured after 1986 have radial tyres.
4. All cars are not Marutis.
Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the statements given above?
A) Only white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
B) Some white Maruti cars with radial tyres are parked here
C) Cars other than Maruti do not have radial tyres
D) Most of the Maruti cars parked here were manufactured before 1986.
8. The graph shown in the figure relates to sales figures in thousands of TV sets of a particular company for the period 1990-97. On the basis of this graph, which of the following inferences would be valid?
1. TV sales increased constantly from '90 to'93.
2. Sales did not improve in `93-'95.
3. There was a sharp drop in sales in `95-96
4. Sales are not likely to improve from '97 onwards.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 B) 2 and 4 c)1,3 and 4 d) 1,2 and 3
9. The monthly income of a family is Rs. 3000. 20% of it is spent on children's education. Out
of the balance, 15% is spent on house rent and from what is left, 50% is spEjnt on provisions. Then which of the following statements would be true?
1. The amount spent on children's education is Rs. 600.
2. The amount spent on house rent is Rs. 450.
3. The amount spent on provisions is Rs. 1020
4. The family has Rs. 1020 per month for other expenses.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 b) 1,3 and 4
c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 3
10.Who is legally competent under the Indian Constitution to declare war or conclude peace?
a} The President
b) The Prime Minister
c) The Council of Ministers
d) The Parliament
11. The Road Ahead' is a book written by
a) Jyoti Basu b) L. K. Advani c) Bill Clinton d} Bill Gates
12. Which year shows the maximum percentage of export with respect of production?
a) 1992 b) 1993 c) 1996 d) 1995
13. The population of India in 1993 was
a) 800 million b) 1080 million c) 985 million d) 900 million
14. If the area under tea production was less by 10% in 1994 than 1993, then the approximate
rate of increase in productivity of tea in 1994 was
a) 97.22 b) 3 c) 35 d) Cannot be determined
15. The average proportion of tea exported to the tea produced over the period is
a) 0.87 b) 0.47 c) 0.48 d) 0.66
16. What is the first half decade's average per capita availability of tea?
a) 457 gms b) 535 gms c) 446 gms d) 430 gms
17.In which year was the per capita availability of tea minimum?
a) 1996 b) 1994 c) 1991 d) None of these
18. In which year was there minimum percentage explosion can make a rapid progress.
of export with respect to production?
a) 1991 b) 1992 c) 1993 d) 1994
19. In which year we had maximum quantity of tea for domestic consumption?
a) 1994 b) 1991 population explosion can make a rapid c) 1993 d) 1996 proqress.
Directions for questions 20 to 23: All India Monsoon Rainfall (1990 to 1999) June -September
20. The normal rainfall during the period 1990-1999 was experienced in the year(s)
a) 1994 b) 1993 & 1995 c) 1996-97 d) 1990
21. The year ..... witnessed the least rainfall.
a) 1991 b} 1999 c) 1992 d) 1993
22. Out of the 10 years studied, how many had above normal rainfall?
a} 3 b) 7 c) 5 d) 6
Directions for questions 23 to 27: Each of the following incomplete arguments is
followed by four sentences. One of the four completes the argument in order to justify
the conclusion. Pick that out.
23. India cannot make a rapid progress because India has a problem of population
explosion.
a) No country with population explosion can make a rapid progress.
b) Only a country without population
c) Some countries with population problem cannot make a rapid progress.
d) All countries which have a problem ofpopulation explosion can make a rapid proqress.
24. Man learns through experience as he has initiative by nature.
a) Some persons who take initiative by nature learn through experience.
b) All who have initiative by nature learn through experience.
c) None who has initiative by nature learns through experience.
d) Only few with initiative learn through experience.
25.We have now to fight for peace with some courage and determination as we fought
against aggression.
a) Many are fighting for peace who have fought against aggression.
b) All those who have fought against aggression should fight for peace
c) Some who are fighting for peace have fought against aggression.
d) None is fighting for peace who have fought for aggression.
26. Whom the gods love dies young.
a) Many die young who are gods.
b) Few die young who are gods
c) some who are loved by the gods die young
d) all those who love the gods die young
27. Education has produce a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth readlng
28.If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is B and the ratio of girls to boys is G, then 3 (B + G) is
a) equal to 3 b) less than 3 c) more than 3 d) less than 1/3
29. Tea worth Rs. 126 per kg and Rs. 135 per kg are mixed with a third variety in the ratio 1 : 1 : 2. If the mixture is worth Rs. 153 per kg the price of the third variety per kg will be
a) Rs. 169.50 b) Rs. 170 c) Rs. 175.50 d) Rs. 180
30. The average of 11 numbers is 10.9. If the average of the first six numbers is 10.5 and
that of the last six numbers is 11.4, then the middle (61") number is
a) 11.5 b) 11.4 c) 11.3 d) 11.0
31. there are 30 students in a class . the average are of the first 10 student is 12.5 years. the average are of the next 20 student is 13.1 years. the average age of the whole class is.
a) 12.5 years b)12.7 c) 12.8 d) 12.9 years
32. the perimeter of one face of cube is 20 cm. its volume must be
a) 8000 cm3 b) 100 cm3 c) 125cm3 d) 400 cm3
33.the number of revolutions made by a wheel of diameter 56 cm in covering a distance of 1.1 km is (use p=22/7)
a) 31.25 b) 56.25 c) 625 d) 62.5
Direction: Read the passages below and answer the question based on them :
Passage 1
the world of computer enthusiasts is in the grip of an ethical crisis. should copmuter viruses be classified as a life form? will consensus-building agencies take up the case for virus rights, protest the death penalty, demand that their clents be set apart in enclaves ? None of this is beyond the bound of probabilty, considering the pitch of the debates that rage on the internet, the global computer network set up 30 years ago by the U.S. defence research establishment. A new society is coming to birth in virtual reality; one is easily seduced into forgetting that these bizarre events are taking place inside a Xerox corporation computer at Palo Alto, California. If the science fiction of the '30s gave the world the concept of the
Cyborg, a creature half human and half-computer, the Internet today seems poised on the verge of the Cyborg. If a recent case is any indication, the simple etiquette which has so far governed social behaviour among Internet users will no longer suffice to administer this electronic Wild West. That solecisms in the world's latest frontier of society have attained a real-world level of scandal is obvious from the manner in which, earlier this year, an electronic intruder broke into a conversation among female users and aimed obscene visuals at them. This raised a storm of outrage. Internet users first bombarded his electronic mail box with rebukes and then had him expelled. The issue leads into uncharted philosophical
territory: in virtual space, can one deterenine where the body ends and mind begins? At
what point do word and image translate as act? Human society seems to possess a reverse Midas touch, contaminating every system it comes into contact with. The day is not distant when all the vicious impulses of the real world will have colonised virtuality, and another Utopia will have gone down the chute.
34. The central idea being followed in the passage is:
(a) the danger posed by viruses to Internetusers
(b) the status of sanctity of computer information routes.
(c) the degrading moral standards of our Society
(d) the role of morality it-, !he formation of computer information high-ways,
35. The term chute' in the passage specifically refers to:
(a) the concept of the Cyborg
(b) the science fiction of the `30s.
(c) a creature half human and half computer of the science fiction of the 30s.
(d) none of the above.
36. The term "solecisms" is used to highlight:
(a) the basic codes of ethical conduct
(b) breach of protocol
(c) the role of virus affected information
(d) none of the above
Passage - 2
The difference between different kinds of writing lies not so much in the writing itself, but
in the way we look at it (and, of course, in the way the author wished us to look at it; but we
often know very little about that). Literary forms do not exist outside our own minds. When we
read anything, no matter what - a description of a scientific experiment, a history book, a
ballad, or a novel -- in so far as we pay attention only to what things are happening one after
another to something or somebody, it is a story; in so far as we read it only to learn the way in which something or someone behaves in certain circumstances, it is science; in so far
as we read it only to find out what has actually happened in the past, it is history People often ask what is the difference beaween poetry and prose. The only difference is :-,l the way the writer looks at things. For instance, the novelist starts with a general idea in his mind; say, that people are always trying to escape from their responsibilities, and that escape only leaves them in a worse mess. Then he writes a story about what happened to Mr. and Mrs. Smith.
He may never say, in so many words, that they tried to escape, never mention his idea, but
this idea is the force that drives the story along. The poet, on the other hand, hears people
talking in his club about the sad story of Mr. and Mrs Smith. He thinks, 'There is now, that's very interesting. They are just like everybody else; trying to get around life. It's like those sailors who tried to get to India by the Northwest Passage On they go, getting farther and farther into the ice, miles from home. Why, that's a good idea `or a poem.' He writes a poem about explorers, he may never mention Mr. and Mrs. Smith at ail. The novelist then goes from the general to the particular, the poet from the particular to the general, and you can see this also in the way they use words. The novelist uses words with their general meaning, and
uses a whole lot of them to build up a particular effect: his character. The poet uses words with their particular meanings and puts them together to give a general effect: his ideas.
Actually, of course, nearly all novels and all poems except very short ones have both ways
of looking at things in them (e.g. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is more like a novel in verse;
Mefville's Moby Dick is more like a poem in prose). All you can say is that one way is typical
of the novelist and the other of the poet.
37.An appropriate title of this passage be,
(a) Of Poets and Novelists (b) Of Poetry (c) Of Novels (d) Of Literature
38.According to the author,
a) Each person reads a particular piece readers'of writing with the same motive.
b) Every person has a different motive in reading a particular piece of writing.
c) Some pieces of writing are not read by people at all.
d) None of the above.
39. One piece of writing can be distinguished from the other by.
i) the difference in the author's style of writing.
ii) the difference in the reader view toward the writings.
III. the way the meaning has been used.
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) III only (d) I & II
40.The essential difference in the approaches of a novelist and a poet is that,
(a) The novelist moves from particular general.
(b) The poet moves from general to particular.
(c) The poet general.difference. both
(d) There in no and the same.
41. The novelist builds up,
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
42. The poet builds up
(a) characters (b) ideas (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Directions Q. 43 to 47, Choose the pair of words which best expresses the relationship
similar to that expressed in the capitalised pairs.
43. ADJACENT: OBJECTS
(a) modern : times
(b) gradual : degrees
c) contemporary : events
d) repetitive : steps
44. FACILITATE: HAMPER
(a) animate : feed
(b) conventional : naive
(c) urbane : remote
(d) birth : demise
45. DENOUNCE : CONDONE
a) endure : imagine
b) antithetical : supportive
c) unnatural : noncommittal
d) natural : committal
46. SALUBRIOUS: BANEFUL
(a) contemplate : intimidate
(b) alleviate : exacerbate
(c) probity : fallacy
(d) susceptible : desultory
47. LANDSLIDE : PEBBLE
(a) deluge : droplet
(b) beach : wave
(c) desert : oasis
(d) rain : puddle
Directions for Q. 48 to 50: Choose the ORDERED pair of statements, where the first
statement implies the second, and the two are logically consistent with the main statement.
48. If our ancestors were monkeys, we would be anthropoids today.
A .We are not anthropoids
B. Our ancestors were monkeys
C. We are anthropoids
D. Our ancestors were not monkeys
(a) DA (b) CB (c) AB (d) AD
49. Task A, if ever accomplished; can transform our lives.
A Our lives have been transformed
B. Our lives have not been transformed
C. Task A has not been accomplished
D. Task A has been accomplished
(a) CB (b) BC (c) AC (d) AD
50. Press either of the buttons X and Y and the drink will come out.
A The drink has come out
B. Either X or Y has been pressed
C. The drink has not come out
D. Button Y has been pressed
(a) AB (b) AD (c) DA (d) DC
Monday, October 22, 2007
UGC JUNE 2003
UGC JUNE 2003
Note. This paper contains fifty (50) multiple-choice questions; each question carrying two (2) marks.
Attempt all of them.
1. Anand is related to Binod and Cinderella; Deepa is Cinderella's mother Also Deepa is Binod's sister and Ela is Binod's sister. How
is Cinderella related to Ela?
a) Niece b) Cousin (-) Sister d) Aunt
2. In a confidential code, 'GET AWAY. FIRE BACKWARDS, MOVE SLOW' is coded as BEN CDCI, QHOE PCTLDCOXU, ZMWE UFMD'. In this code, which of the following could be a possible code for the world METHOD?
(a) ZENTMX(b) ZENDMX
(c) ZENKMX(d) ZENHMX
Directions Q 3-4: The letters of the English
alphabet are numbered 26 to 1. A is 26, B is 25, C is 24 and so on.
3. Which of the following sequences denotes a valid word?
(a) 6-12-17-23 (b) 5-11-18-22
(c) 5-12-18-23 (d) 5-12-17-23
4. The following sequence with some arithmetic operations has been used to denote the letters in a word. What will be the next term to make it a valid word? 9, 22, 11, 12, 8, .....
a) 21 b) 22 C) 23 d) 24
5. In a military code, the data are communicated as per one of the following rules:
a) Multiply by 2 and divide by 3
b) Square and add one
c) Divide by 2 and add 3
d) Divide by 2 and multiply by 3
Which rule has been used to communicate data in the series?
33, 333, 393, 1266
6. Sanjay is Sarita's brother. "I have as many sisters as brothers", tells Sarita to one of her friends. Sanjay says, "Each of us brothers has only half as many brothers as sisters". How many brothers and sisters does the family have?
a) 4 sisters and 5 brothers
b) 5 sisters and 3 brothers
c) 3 sisters and 4 brothers
d) None of these
7. If DCF means BAD in a particular language code. then which of the following is a valid word in this code.?
a) PCOR b) PYKC
c; AY t'C d) None of these
8.A queen has five diamond rings, each weighing differently. Her jeweller gives her the following information:
I. Ring D weighs twice as much as ring E
II. Ring E weighs four and a half times as much as ring F
III. Ring F weighs half as much as ring G
IV. Ring G weighs half as much as ring H
V Ring H weighs less than ring D but more than ring F
As per the above data, which of the following statements is correct?
a)Ali the information is needed to determine the order of weights of the rings
b) Ring G is the lightest in weight
c) Ring H is heavier than both D & F
d) Both rings D & E are heavier in weight than ring H
9. P + Q means P is wife of Q; P - Q means P is son of O: and P " Q means P is sister of Q. Following this relationship, Prashant -
Rakesh ` Ronit will certainly mean all of these except
a) Rakesh is a lady
b) Prashant is son of Rakesh
c) Ronit is father of Prashant
d) None of these
10. As per the rule of coding, RYHKYFYJ is the code for TAJ MAHAL. According to the same rule QUTAB MINAR will be coded as:
a) RVUVCNJOBS b) OSRSZKGLYP
c) OSRSCKJLBP d) None of these
11. Which of the following will replace the '?' sign in the series below: 151, 150, 142, ?, 105
a) 125 b) 134 c) 132 d) 127
12. A hunter has just returned after a day's bird shooting. His wife asked, how many birds he had in his bag. He says, "They are all sparrows but six, Gli pigeons but six and all doves but six". How many minimum number of bir~is could he have in his bag?
a) 18 b) 6
c) Cannot be determined
d) None of these
13. Perception, retention and rccall are:
a) source variables .
b) message variables
c) receiver variables
d) channel variables
Directions Q 14-15: In each question below are given a statement followed by three assumptions numbered l, ll and 111. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the
assumptions is implicit in the statement, then decide which of the answers is the correct answer.
14. Statement: India's economic growth has come at a terrible price of increased industrial and vehicular pollution.Assumptions:
I. Pollution is a part of industrial society.
II. Indian economic growth is based on only industrial growth.
lII. A country desires economics growth with manageable side-effects.
a) Only I b) Only !I
c) Only I and III d) Only III
15. Statement: Efforts to develop technologies more appropriate to the needs of the poorest sections of society need to be further
intensified.Assumptions:
I. Nothing is impossible it proper efforts are made.
II. Technology needs are different for different sections of society.
al Only I b) Only III
C) Only II d) Both II and III
Directions (Qs 16 to 25): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
Awong the natural resources which can be called upon in nationai plans for development, possibly the most important is human labour. Since the English language suffers from a cerrtain weakness in its ability to describe as composed of both male and female members, this is usually described as ‘manpower’.
Without a productive labour force, including effective leadership and intelligent middle management, no amount of foreign assistance or of natural wealth can ensure successful development and modernization.
The manpower for development during the next quarter-century will come from the world's present population of infants, children and adolescents. But we are not sure that they will be equal to the task.. Will they have the health, the education. the skills the socio-cultural
attitudes essential for the responsibilities of developrrent"?
For far too many of them the answer is no. The reason is basic. A child's most critical years, with regard to physicai, intellectual,
social and emotional development, are before he reaches five years of age. Curing those critical formative years he is cared for almost
exclusively by his mother, and in many parts of the world the mother may not have-the capacity to raise a superior child. She is incapable of doing so by reason ;:f her own poor health, her ignorance and her lack of status and recognitvon of social and legal rights, of
economi:; parity of independence.One essential factor has been overlooked or ignored. The forgotten factor is the role of
women. Development will be handicapped as long as women remain second-class citizens, uneducated, without any voice in family or
community decisions, without legal or economic status, married when they are still practica'iy children, and henceforth producing
one baby after another, often only to see half of them die before they are school age.
Directions (Qs 22 to 25): Read the passage carefully and answer these questions:
Many of the underdeveloped countries will promote the growth of their economies in One way or another no matter whether they receive
substantial outside aid in the process or not. The character of that development, however is likely to be strongly influenced by the tji^d
amounts of aid available. The outcome ~s muc~ more likely to be favourable, from the stancr-o nt of the objectives for succ~-ssful (level r) ,- rr,- -t set up previously, if there is subst?ntia'
international aid than if there is not.By substantial aid I mean not only large amounts of technical assistance but also of
capital. Initially, the capacity of an underdeveloped country to use capital productively may be surprisingly small-limited
by lack of organisation, trained personnel, and other social obstacles. At this stage technical assistance is its main need from outside, with
comparatively small amounts of capital, much of which may have to be in the fonrin of grants for non-self-liquidating pro;ects in education,
health, access roads to rural areas, and the like. !f, at this stage, substantial capital avallable from outside to supplement vrdhat can be formed internally (and to stimulate internal capital formation, for it does that too) the rate of economic growth can be considerably
increased, and the strains and frustrations and political risks of the development process are likely to be considerably less.
It is possible for underdeveloped economies to modernise themselves with very little capital from outside. Japan's imports of
capital were small. though some of it came at crucial times. The r_ontribut;on of foreign direct investment to ihP ad~an,ement of technical know-how, also was greate~r than would be
indicated merely by the s 71-- of investment. The Soviet Union industrialise economy with practically no aid from f`r'y, v il,~;estment capital except for the '
_ , -owned installations confiscated after the revolution,
though it imported machinery in the early days on short-term or intermediate-term credits and hired services of foreign experts.
Boany of the both Japan and Russia achieved their development in an authoritarian political and social framework. The outcome
in both cases, from standpoint of the peace of the world and democratic ideals, was highly unfavourable.In the absence of outside aid, the only way :c accumulate capital is to increase production :vithout taking much of the benefit in more consumption, or even while pushing
consumption standards down. Where the people are already near the subsistence level this may mean extreme hardship. Somehow the people must be motivated to change their accustomed ways quickly, to work hard, and to forego present consumption so that capital investment can be made.
22. The passage says:
Without foreign aid to under-developed
country can grow;
(2) Underdeveloped countries must refrain
from seeking foreign aid;
The economies of underdeveloped
countries are more likely to grow faster with
substantial foreign aid than without;
(4) Underdeveloped countries are
economically backward because their
governments have not got their priorities
right.
23. Substantial aid in this context means:
(1) technical assistance in the form of trained
personnel;
(2) capital, in the form of bank loans and
overdrafts;
(3) large amount of technical assistance and
capital
(4) a cheap and plentiful supply of labour.
24. The availability of substantial capital from
outside:
(1) can help to stimulate internal capital
formation;
(2) does encourage wasteful tendencies;
(3) seldom helps to accelerate the rate of
internal growth;
(4) tends to discourage local capital
formation.
c) allow the mistakes to be committed and
explains how to minimise those
mistakes
d) is a perfectionist and never allows any
mistakes to be committed.
28. When a student cannot recall something he
had learnt some time back, we can assume
that:
a) he never learnt it
25. The passage says that:
(1) Japan imported substantial capital
before it became modernised;
(2) the Soviet Union industrialized its
economy with plenty of foreign
investment capital;
Japan rejected offers of substantial
foreign capital investment in the early
stages of its economic development;
(4) In the early days of the economic
development the Soviet Union imported
machinery on short-term or
intermediate-term credits and hired
foreign experts.
Directions: The questions are independent of
each other.
b) it was too difficult for him to remember
c) it was lost as a result of learning
something else subsequently
d) one can hardly remember what is not
used daily
29. How should a teacher introduce a new
subject in class for the first time?
a) begin the first chapter without delay
b) give a broad outline of what is going
to be done
c) divide the class into groups for
discussing the topic
d) give a preface and start the lesson
30. The development of a person's desirable
characteristics is largely because of:
26. To find out whether learning has taken place, psychologists would consider the criterion of:
a) social pressures
bl habit formation
c) motivation
a) Speed of reaction
d) learning
b) Increased sensitivity to appropriate stimuli
c) Increased understanding
d) Improved behaviour
27. What should be the teacher's response towards mistakes?
a) take all precautions so that students never commit mistakes
31. If ~iach side of a square is increased by 50%, the ratio of the area of the new square to the area of the old square is
a) 5:4 b) 9:4
c) 4:5 d) 4:9
32. The ratio of three numbers is 3 : 4 : 5 and
the sum of their squares is 1250. The sum of the numbers is
b) should mildly punish students if they make mistakes
a) 60 b) 90
c) 30 d) 50
33. If two numbers are in the ratio (3 : ! 3 and their least common multiple is 312, then the larger number is
a) 12
c) 24
b} 26
d) 52
34. A, B, C and D have Rs. 40, 50. 60 end 7C respectively when they yo to visit a fair. A spends Rs 18, B spends, P,.s. 21, C spends Rs. 24 and D spends Rs. 27. Who hi,.s done the highest expenditure proportionate to his resources?
a) A b) B
c) C d) D
35. A journey of 260 km. between two cities takes 3 hours less by train than t;y car. If the average speed of the car is 6 kniihr less than the speed of the train, the average speed of the train is
a) 26 km/hr b) 52 km;l~r
c) ?_0 km/hr d) 13 km/hr
36. What is the average of Rural Male Populatior in millions?
a) 36.1 b) 39.7
c) 37,9 d) 30.3
37. In which category of population, is there the lowest percentage of children in the school?
Urban males 5 - 9
Rural males 5 - 9
Urban females 5 - 9
Rural females 10 - 14
38. What is the approximate percentage of children of all categories not in school?
a) 40.8 b) 31.5 c) 30.5 d) 31.13
39. What is the approximate number of children in millions who are working?
a) 17 b) 18 c) 19 d) 16
40. What percent is the ratio between urban males and rural males not in school?
a) 16 b) 18 c) 15.33 d) None of these
41.
Directions 36 to 40: The following table gives Population and Activities of Indian Children
(1993-94), Study the table carefully and answer these questions.
Total Population Not in school and Not in school and Child Population
Age/Gender Group (rmllicn) in School working not working not in school
million
Rural males 5-9 39,7 67 2 1 3 31.5 13.02
I
Rural females 5-9 35,7 56,2 3.0 40.8 15.63
Urban males 5-9 11.~ 84 1 0.3 15.2 1.79
Urban females 5-9 10.2 80.1 1.3 18.6 2.02
Rural males 10-14 36 1 76 6 12.8 10.6 8.44
Rural females i0-14 55.7 30.3 14.0 13.42
Urban males 10-14 11_7 87 2 7.0 5.8 1.50
Urban females 10-1 1 G .~i 81.6 13.1 5.3 1.93
Total er- r 57.75
Directions 41 to 46: The following table gives the enrolment in Higher Secondary Schools in 1978.Study the table carefully and answer these
questions.
Enrolment No. of Schools
41. what is the approximate percentage of schools, where the enrolment was below 120?
a) 59.16 b) 59.27 c) 60 d) 61
42. What is the approximate percentage of schools, where the enrolment was above 79 but below 180?
a) 56 c)- 57 b) 56.39 d) 55
43. Under which class do the maximum of schools fall?
a) 100-119 b) 80-99 c) 60-79 d) None of these
44. What is the approximate percentage of the least number of schools for the classes of enrolment?
a) 8 b) 9.5 c) 9 d} 10
45. What is the approximate percentage of the least number of schools for the classes of enrolment?
a) 8 b) 9.5 c) 9 d} 10
46. What is the average enrolment per H.S.school 1833 School?
a) 107.87 b) 217.60 c) 109.5 d) 129.5
47 . Directions for questions 47 to 50: In these questions, two statements are given, followed by two inferences A and B. Assume the
statements to be true, mark your answer as:
a) If only inference A follows,
b) If only inference B follows,
c) If both A and B fallow,
d) If neither A nor B follows
47. All mothers are aunts.
All aunts are ladies. So,
A: All mothers are ladies,
B: All aunts are mothers.
48. Some doctors are fools.
Some fools are rich. So,
A: Some doctors are rich.
B: Some rich are doctors.
49. All goats are cows.
Some goats are lambs. So,
A: All goats are lambs.
B: Some lambs are cows
50. All pedestrians are poor.
All poor are honest. So,
A: All honest are pedestrians.
B: All pedestrians are honest.
ANSWERS
1. a 2. c 3. c 4. b
5. d 6. d 7 d 8. d
9. c 10. d 11. d 12. d
13. c 14. c 15. d 16. 2
17. 4 18. 2 19. 3 20. 4
21. 1 22. 3 23. 3 24. 1
25. 4 26. a 27. c 28. c
29. b 30. c 31. b 32. a
33. d 34. a 35. a 36. c
37. d 38. d 39. c 40. b
41. a 42. b 43. b 44. b
45.c 46.a 47.a 48.d
49. b 50. b
Note. This paper contains fifty (50) multiple-choice questions; each question carrying two (2) marks.
Attempt all of them.
1. Anand is related to Binod and Cinderella; Deepa is Cinderella's mother Also Deepa is Binod's sister and Ela is Binod's sister. How
is Cinderella related to Ela?
a) Niece b) Cousin (-) Sister d) Aunt
2. In a confidential code, 'GET AWAY. FIRE BACKWARDS, MOVE SLOW' is coded as BEN CDCI, QHOE PCTLDCOXU, ZMWE UFMD'. In this code, which of the following could be a possible code for the world METHOD?
(a) ZENTMX(b) ZENDMX
(c) ZENKMX(d) ZENHMX
Directions Q 3-4: The letters of the English
alphabet are numbered 26 to 1. A is 26, B is 25, C is 24 and so on.
3. Which of the following sequences denotes a valid word?
(a) 6-12-17-23 (b) 5-11-18-22
(c) 5-12-18-23 (d) 5-12-17-23
4. The following sequence with some arithmetic operations has been used to denote the letters in a word. What will be the next term to make it a valid word? 9, 22, 11, 12, 8, .....
a) 21 b) 22 C) 23 d) 24
5. In a military code, the data are communicated as per one of the following rules:
a) Multiply by 2 and divide by 3
b) Square and add one
c) Divide by 2 and add 3
d) Divide by 2 and multiply by 3
Which rule has been used to communicate data in the series?
33, 333, 393, 1266
6. Sanjay is Sarita's brother. "I have as many sisters as brothers", tells Sarita to one of her friends. Sanjay says, "Each of us brothers has only half as many brothers as sisters". How many brothers and sisters does the family have?
a) 4 sisters and 5 brothers
b) 5 sisters and 3 brothers
c) 3 sisters and 4 brothers
d) None of these
7. If DCF means BAD in a particular language code. then which of the following is a valid word in this code.?
a) PCOR b) PYKC
c; AY t'C d) None of these
8.A queen has five diamond rings, each weighing differently. Her jeweller gives her the following information:
I. Ring D weighs twice as much as ring E
II. Ring E weighs four and a half times as much as ring F
III. Ring F weighs half as much as ring G
IV. Ring G weighs half as much as ring H
V Ring H weighs less than ring D but more than ring F
As per the above data, which of the following statements is correct?
a)Ali the information is needed to determine the order of weights of the rings
b) Ring G is the lightest in weight
c) Ring H is heavier than both D & F
d) Both rings D & E are heavier in weight than ring H
9. P + Q means P is wife of Q; P - Q means P is son of O: and P " Q means P is sister of Q. Following this relationship, Prashant -
Rakesh ` Ronit will certainly mean all of these except
a) Rakesh is a lady
b) Prashant is son of Rakesh
c) Ronit is father of Prashant
d) None of these
10. As per the rule of coding, RYHKYFYJ is the code for TAJ MAHAL. According to the same rule QUTAB MINAR will be coded as:
a) RVUVCNJOBS b) OSRSZKGLYP
c) OSRSCKJLBP d) None of these
11. Which of the following will replace the '?' sign in the series below: 151, 150, 142, ?, 105
a) 125 b) 134 c) 132 d) 127
12. A hunter has just returned after a day's bird shooting. His wife asked, how many birds he had in his bag. He says, "They are all sparrows but six, Gli pigeons but six and all doves but six". How many minimum number of bir~is could he have in his bag?
a) 18 b) 6
c) Cannot be determined
d) None of these
13. Perception, retention and rccall are:
a) source variables .
b) message variables
c) receiver variables
d) channel variables
Directions Q 14-15: In each question below are given a statement followed by three assumptions numbered l, ll and 111. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the
assumptions is implicit in the statement, then decide which of the answers is the correct answer.
14. Statement: India's economic growth has come at a terrible price of increased industrial and vehicular pollution.Assumptions:
I. Pollution is a part of industrial society.
II. Indian economic growth is based on only industrial growth.
lII. A country desires economics growth with manageable side-effects.
a) Only I b) Only !I
c) Only I and III d) Only III
15. Statement: Efforts to develop technologies more appropriate to the needs of the poorest sections of society need to be further
intensified.Assumptions:
I. Nothing is impossible it proper efforts are made.
II. Technology needs are different for different sections of society.
al Only I b) Only III
C) Only II d) Both II and III
Directions (Qs 16 to 25): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
Awong the natural resources which can be called upon in nationai plans for development, possibly the most important is human labour. Since the English language suffers from a cerrtain weakness in its ability to describe as composed of both male and female members, this is usually described as ‘manpower’.
Without a productive labour force, including effective leadership and intelligent middle management, no amount of foreign assistance or of natural wealth can ensure successful development and modernization.
The manpower for development during the next quarter-century will come from the world's present population of infants, children and adolescents. But we are not sure that they will be equal to the task.. Will they have the health, the education. the skills the socio-cultural
attitudes essential for the responsibilities of developrrent"?
For far too many of them the answer is no. The reason is basic. A child's most critical years, with regard to physicai, intellectual,
social and emotional development, are before he reaches five years of age. Curing those critical formative years he is cared for almost
exclusively by his mother, and in many parts of the world the mother may not have-the capacity to raise a superior child. She is incapable of doing so by reason ;:f her own poor health, her ignorance and her lack of status and recognitvon of social and legal rights, of
economi:; parity of independence.One essential factor has been overlooked or ignored. The forgotten factor is the role of
women. Development will be handicapped as long as women remain second-class citizens, uneducated, without any voice in family or
community decisions, without legal or economic status, married when they are still practica'iy children, and henceforth producing
one baby after another, often only to see half of them die before they are school age.
Directions (Qs 22 to 25): Read the passage carefully and answer these questions:
Many of the underdeveloped countries will promote the growth of their economies in One way or another no matter whether they receive
substantial outside aid in the process or not. The character of that development, however is likely to be strongly influenced by the tji^d
amounts of aid available. The outcome ~s muc~ more likely to be favourable, from the stancr-o nt of the objectives for succ~-ssful (level r) ,- rr,- -t set up previously, if there is subst?ntia'
international aid than if there is not.By substantial aid I mean not only large amounts of technical assistance but also of
capital. Initially, the capacity of an underdeveloped country to use capital productively may be surprisingly small-limited
by lack of organisation, trained personnel, and other social obstacles. At this stage technical assistance is its main need from outside, with
comparatively small amounts of capital, much of which may have to be in the fonrin of grants for non-self-liquidating pro;ects in education,
health, access roads to rural areas, and the like. !f, at this stage, substantial capital avallable from outside to supplement vrdhat can be formed internally (and to stimulate internal capital formation, for it does that too) the rate of economic growth can be considerably
increased, and the strains and frustrations and political risks of the development process are likely to be considerably less.
It is possible for underdeveloped economies to modernise themselves with very little capital from outside. Japan's imports of
capital were small. though some of it came at crucial times. The r_ontribut;on of foreign direct investment to ihP ad~an,ement of technical know-how, also was greate~r than would be
indicated merely by the s 71-- of investment. The Soviet Union industrialise economy with practically no aid from f`r'y, v il,~;estment capital except for the '
_ , -owned installations confiscated after the revolution,
though it imported machinery in the early days on short-term or intermediate-term credits and hired services of foreign experts.
Boany of the both Japan and Russia achieved their development in an authoritarian political and social framework. The outcome
in both cases, from standpoint of the peace of the world and democratic ideals, was highly unfavourable.In the absence of outside aid, the only way :c accumulate capital is to increase production :vithout taking much of the benefit in more consumption, or even while pushing
consumption standards down. Where the people are already near the subsistence level this may mean extreme hardship. Somehow the people must be motivated to change their accustomed ways quickly, to work hard, and to forego present consumption so that capital investment can be made.
22. The passage says:
Without foreign aid to under-developed
country can grow;
(2) Underdeveloped countries must refrain
from seeking foreign aid;
The economies of underdeveloped
countries are more likely to grow faster with
substantial foreign aid than without;
(4) Underdeveloped countries are
economically backward because their
governments have not got their priorities
right.
23. Substantial aid in this context means:
(1) technical assistance in the form of trained
personnel;
(2) capital, in the form of bank loans and
overdrafts;
(3) large amount of technical assistance and
capital
(4) a cheap and plentiful supply of labour.
24. The availability of substantial capital from
outside:
(1) can help to stimulate internal capital
formation;
(2) does encourage wasteful tendencies;
(3) seldom helps to accelerate the rate of
internal growth;
(4) tends to discourage local capital
formation.
c) allow the mistakes to be committed and
explains how to minimise those
mistakes
d) is a perfectionist and never allows any
mistakes to be committed.
28. When a student cannot recall something he
had learnt some time back, we can assume
that:
a) he never learnt it
25. The passage says that:
(1) Japan imported substantial capital
before it became modernised;
(2) the Soviet Union industrialized its
economy with plenty of foreign
investment capital;
Japan rejected offers of substantial
foreign capital investment in the early
stages of its economic development;
(4) In the early days of the economic
development the Soviet Union imported
machinery on short-term or
intermediate-term credits and hired
foreign experts.
Directions: The questions are independent of
each other.
b) it was too difficult for him to remember
c) it was lost as a result of learning
something else subsequently
d) one can hardly remember what is not
used daily
29. How should a teacher introduce a new
subject in class for the first time?
a) begin the first chapter without delay
b) give a broad outline of what is going
to be done
c) divide the class into groups for
discussing the topic
d) give a preface and start the lesson
30. The development of a person's desirable
characteristics is largely because of:
26. To find out whether learning has taken place, psychologists would consider the criterion of:
a) social pressures
bl habit formation
c) motivation
a) Speed of reaction
d) learning
b) Increased sensitivity to appropriate stimuli
c) Increased understanding
d) Improved behaviour
27. What should be the teacher's response towards mistakes?
a) take all precautions so that students never commit mistakes
31. If ~iach side of a square is increased by 50%, the ratio of the area of the new square to the area of the old square is
a) 5:4 b) 9:4
c) 4:5 d) 4:9
32. The ratio of three numbers is 3 : 4 : 5 and
the sum of their squares is 1250. The sum of the numbers is
b) should mildly punish students if they make mistakes
a) 60 b) 90
c) 30 d) 50
33. If two numbers are in the ratio (3 : ! 3 and their least common multiple is 312, then the larger number is
a) 12
c) 24
b} 26
d) 52
34. A, B, C and D have Rs. 40, 50. 60 end 7C respectively when they yo to visit a fair. A spends Rs 18, B spends, P,.s. 21, C spends Rs. 24 and D spends Rs. 27. Who hi,.s done the highest expenditure proportionate to his resources?
a) A b) B
c) C d) D
35. A journey of 260 km. between two cities takes 3 hours less by train than t;y car. If the average speed of the car is 6 kniihr less than the speed of the train, the average speed of the train is
a) 26 km/hr b) 52 km;l~r
c) ?_0 km/hr d) 13 km/hr
36. What is the average of Rural Male Populatior in millions?
a) 36.1 b) 39.7
c) 37,9 d) 30.3
37. In which category of population, is there the lowest percentage of children in the school?
Urban males 5 - 9
Rural males 5 - 9
Urban females 5 - 9
Rural females 10 - 14
38. What is the approximate percentage of children of all categories not in school?
a) 40.8 b) 31.5 c) 30.5 d) 31.13
39. What is the approximate number of children in millions who are working?
a) 17 b) 18 c) 19 d) 16
40. What percent is the ratio between urban males and rural males not in school?
a) 16 b) 18 c) 15.33 d) None of these
41.
Directions 36 to 40: The following table gives Population and Activities of Indian Children
(1993-94), Study the table carefully and answer these questions.
Total Population Not in school and Not in school and Child Population
Age/Gender Group (rmllicn) in School working not working not in school
million
Rural males 5-9 39,7 67 2 1 3 31.5 13.02
I
Rural females 5-9 35,7 56,2 3.0 40.8 15.63
Urban males 5-9 11.~ 84 1 0.3 15.2 1.79
Urban females 5-9 10.2 80.1 1.3 18.6 2.02
Rural males 10-14 36 1 76 6 12.8 10.6 8.44
Rural females i0-14 55.7 30.3 14.0 13.42
Urban males 10-14 11_7 87 2 7.0 5.8 1.50
Urban females 10-1 1 G .~i 81.6 13.1 5.3 1.93
Total er- r 57.75
Directions 41 to 46: The following table gives the enrolment in Higher Secondary Schools in 1978.Study the table carefully and answer these
questions.
Enrolment No. of Schools
41. what is the approximate percentage of schools, where the enrolment was below 120?
a) 59.16 b) 59.27 c) 60 d) 61
42. What is the approximate percentage of schools, where the enrolment was above 79 but below 180?
a) 56 c)- 57 b) 56.39 d) 55
43. Under which class do the maximum of schools fall?
a) 100-119 b) 80-99 c) 60-79 d) None of these
44. What is the approximate percentage of the least number of schools for the classes of enrolment?
a) 8 b) 9.5 c) 9 d} 10
45. What is the approximate percentage of the least number of schools for the classes of enrolment?
a) 8 b) 9.5 c) 9 d} 10
46. What is the average enrolment per H.S.school 1833 School?
a) 107.87 b) 217.60 c) 109.5 d) 129.5
47 . Directions for questions 47 to 50: In these questions, two statements are given, followed by two inferences A and B. Assume the
statements to be true, mark your answer as:
a) If only inference A follows,
b) If only inference B follows,
c) If both A and B fallow,
d) If neither A nor B follows
47. All mothers are aunts.
All aunts are ladies. So,
A: All mothers are ladies,
B: All aunts are mothers.
48. Some doctors are fools.
Some fools are rich. So,
A: Some doctors are rich.
B: Some rich are doctors.
49. All goats are cows.
Some goats are lambs. So,
A: All goats are lambs.
B: Some lambs are cows
50. All pedestrians are poor.
All poor are honest. So,
A: All honest are pedestrians.
B: All pedestrians are honest.
ANSWERS
1. a 2. c 3. c 4. b
5. d 6. d 7 d 8. d
9. c 10. d 11. d 12. d
13. c 14. c 15. d 16. 2
17. 4 18. 2 19. 3 20. 4
21. 1 22. 3 23. 3 24. 1
25. 4 26. a 27. c 28. c
29. b 30. c 31. b 32. a
33. d 34. a 35. a 36. c
37. d 38. d 39. c 40. b
41. a 42. b 43. b 44. b
45.c 46.a 47.a 48.d
49. b 50. b
UGC-DECEMBER 2003
Note. This paper contains fifty multile-choice questions, each question carrying two marks. Attempt all of them.
1. Cause celebre. It is only the latest term to circulate with alarming regularity. Have cause, will espouse, happens to be the latest mantra of high society. The beautiful people may not know much about housing problems, encroachment atc: but will oppose slum demolitions. They may not know about the drought problems in Saurashtra, but will rant againt the Sardar Sarovar project. In my opinion they are…….
a) anti-poor
b) celebrities such as authors or movies stars
c) by and large unaware of ground realities and only involved in a “cause” for the sake of doing so.
d) by and large aware of the situation at ground zero but not of the ramifications of supporting a particular cause.
2. The former soviet union built up the world’s largest standing army. Its military industrial complex fabricated a whopping 45,000 nuclear warheads at the height of the cold war its sphere of influence extended from Vietnam to cuba. Yet the “soviet structure” was challenged from within……without considering history as we it, which of the following statements would give credence to the above view.
a) the soviet union was too large to govern.
b) despite the soviet union’s military might, it failed to raise the standard of living of its citizens thereby fuelling economic and more dangerously political discontent of the system.
c) The soviet union was not strong militarily with respect to the other major power of the world.
d) The system of governance in the soviet union was non-sustainable.
3. The Hizb-ul-Mujahideen has just declared a three-month long cease fire. The news has come as a pleasant surprise for pundits who have long been predicting that since it has already been a decade of full-scale militancy, Kashmir, like Punjab would too turn the corner. Which of the follwing examples follows a similar logic.
a) Lawyer- “I have won a lot of cases, but of late certain hostile judges have sullied my record.”
b) Cop- “I have arrested a lot of people, but none have ever had political connections.”
c) Scientist- “I have discovered 6 new plants in 6 months alone, so by the time I retire, I probably would have discovered many more.”
d) Aeronautical engineer- “The prithvi missile was handed over to army after 3 successful test flights. Today we are about to test Agni-II for the third time and then we will hand it over to the army.”
4.The glory days of hindi cinema are long over. Remember the time when movies such as Jagte Raho, Do Bigha Zameen, Mother India, Kaagaz ke Phool made animpact. Today, all that bollywood has to offer are muscle men and bimbos, teamed up for lewd songs! Which of the following if true would weaken the author’s argument?
a) All hindi movies churned out by bollywood today cannot be categorized as bad movies
b) We get the movies we deserve.
c) The examples which the author cites to prove his point are not reflective of all the movies of the putative “glory days” and “muscle men and bimbos in lewd songs” have always been a part of bollywood since its inception.
d) The movies of today are more commercialized and have to cater to the lowest common denominator.
5. Mr. Jacob works for coffee plantation in Coorg. He gets paid Rs. 30 per hour subject to the fact that the beans are retrieved from at least 10 plants in the same time. Otherwise he gets paid Rs.15 for the same duration. What does this say about Mr. Jacob or his company?
a) Mr. Jacob is assured o a regular income till he retires.
b) The company in question nas not adapted to the new market scenario that dictates
that labour must be paid scle!y on the basis of productivity.
c) Mr. Jacob does not meet his targets oflen.
d) The company in question links a part of the wages it pays to the productivity of its
Employees
6. Richard Branson gets off a Virg in-Atlantic flight dressed in a Bhangra outfit. He reaks into a Jig with the local dancers at New Delhi's international airport (India). He wan's to
promote his air service to London and hence the "bhangra naach (bhar?gra dance)" Branson does all !his because.
a) he wants his airline to knock British Airways out of the picture,
b) because he knows that there if a large Sikh community which nnay want to use
the service.
c) to entice Indians into trying out his airline by "doing in Rome as the Romans do"
principle
d) by dancing his way into Indian hearts.
Read the passage given below and answer the question nos. 7 and 8 :
Everyone wants to go the United States, it's all very well to give the GRE and ail but it's quite another to get adjusted to the "American Culture”. For starters America is not the land of promiscuity, at least as far as Asians students are concerned .Asian students score amazing marks in examinations but probably never attend a fart part.
7. Asian American are………….
a) Prosperous but not social
b) prosperous but putatively social
c} sybarite
d) None of the above
8. Asian students are academically far superior vis-a-vis American students in the realm of academia. Which of the following is also true ot the indian students.
a} the. Indian students are promiscuous.
b) the Indian students are not promiscuous.
c) the Indian students are not invited to frat party.
d) none et the above
Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions based on them.
As a human enterprise, research involves ethical questions, not in terms of the questions we address but in terms of how we address
these questions and report our results. Over the past two decades a number of studies have brought into sharp focus some of the issues involved. For example, in one research effort that won a prize from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, subjects were told to teach other subjects ("learners") a list of paired associate words
and to punish thevn with an electric shock when an e!ror was made. The issue in Vestiaated was obedience to authority.Aithoug,h actual shocks were not used, the subjects believed that it was being used and
often "administered" high levels despite pleas from the "learners" that it was painful. In another research effort in which a prison environment was simulated, subjects took on the roles of guards and prisoners. Subject "guards' were found to be verbally and physically aggressive to subject "prisoners," who allowed themselves to be-treated in a dehirmanised way. Finally, we are all probably aware of one behaviour modification program or another that has been used to shape he behaviour c:! children or patients without their consent or voluntary participation.Such programs are dramatic in the issues they raise, hut the underlying question concerning ethical principles of research is fundamental, Do experimenters have the right to require rarticipation? To deceive subjects? 'A'hat are the ethical esponsibilities of researchers to subjects and to psychology as a science? The former has been an issue of concern to the American Psychological Association, and it has adopted a list of
relevant ethical principles. The essence of these principles is that "the psychologist carries out the investigation with respect and concern for the dignity and welfare of the people who participate." This includes, evaluating the ethical acceptability of the research, determining whether subjects in the study will be at risk in any way, and establishing a clear and fair agreement with research participants concerning the obligations and responsibilities of each. Although the use of concealment or deception is recognised as necessary in some case, strict guidelines are presented. It is recognised as the
responsibility of the investigator to protect participants from physical and mental discomfort, harm and danger.The ethical responsibility of psychologists includes the interpretation and presentation of results as well as the conduct of the research. Of late there has been serious concern in science generally with "the spreading stain of fraud". Some concern with this issue began with charges that Sir Cyril Burt, a once prominent British psychologist, intentionally misrepresented data in his research on the inheritance of intelligence. In other fields of science there have been reports of investigators intentionally manipulating data to enhance their chances of publication, grant funding, promotion, and public recognition. Recently, there was an investigation whether psychologists working
in the area of alcoholism had intentionally misrepresented their data. The issue of fraud is one that scientists do not like to recognise
or talk about because it goes against the very fabric of the scientific enterprise. Although fraudulent data and falsified conclusions are
very rare, the profession of psychologists is beginning to face up to their existence and to take constructive steps in solving the problem.
Much more subtle than fraud, and undoubtedly of much broader significance, is the issue of the effects of personal and social
bias on the ways in which issues are developed and the kinds of data that are accepted as evidence in support for one or
another kind of enterprise. In considering sex differences, for example, to what extent are research projects developed in a way that is free from bias and to what extent is evidence for or against the existence of sex differences equally likely to be accepted? To what extent do our own social and political values influence not only what is studied but how it is studied and the kinds of conclusions we are prepared to reach? As noted, although scientists make every effort to be objective and remove all possible sources of error and bias from their research, this remains a human enterprise with the potential for personal, social, cultural, and political influence.Finally, we may note in a related way the role of research in the formulation of public
policy. Though still in an early stage of development as a science, psychology does relate to fundamental human concerns and
psychologists are often called on to suggest the relevance of this research for public policy. This has happened with intelligence tests and immigration policy, child development and the effects of early enrichment programs; and the effects of television violence on aggression in everyday life.Recently, Seligman's work has been
reiated to societal functioning, with the suggestion that some social programs may operate to increase learned helplessness. For
example, many Scandinavian countries have served as a model for social reform and social welfare. While praising these accom-plishments, one Swedish psychologist has warned that a potential side effect of overly
extensive programs in this area may be the development of a broad earned helplessness phenomenon in the population. !n sum, among
the issues that concern us as researchers and as consumers of research is that of how the results may be interpreted to direct,
support, or refute various social policies
9. The passage says that,
(A) Researchers need to be free from all kinds of bias and they always are.
(B) Researchers need to be free from all kinds of bias and they never are.
(C) Researchers need to be free from all kinds of bias and they sometimes are not.
(D) Researchers need not to be free from all kinds of bias and still they always are.
10. All the following are the reasons for scientists misrepresenting data except
(A) to receive acclaim
(B) to get research papers published
(C) to intentionally harm competitor colleagues
(D) to facilitate faster flow of funding.
11. It can be inferred from the passage that
(A) psychology is in its nascent stage of being evolved into a science.
(B) psychology has evolved fully as a science.
(C) psychology can never evolve into a complete science.
(D). psychology will have to struggle if it wants to evolve into a complete science.
12. The psychological research findings,
a). can never be used practically for the purposes of social policy support.
b) can and should be used for the purposes of social policy support.
c) can but should not be used for the purposes of social policy support.
d) the passage does not mention any connection between research and social policy.
13. One can assume that,
a) If people are told that a certain thing would happen they tend to believe that it has happened even if it actually has not.
b)If people are told that a certain thing would happen they never tend to believe that it has happened if it actually has not.
c) If people are told that a certain thing would happen they never tend to believe that it has happened even if it actually has
d) None of the above.
14. The author is against:
a) all psychological research.
b) all research
c) all research in which the subject is treated badly
d) all of the above.
15. "Subjects" could be,
(a) the topics under discussion for psychological research.
(b) the people who volunteer for psychological experiments to be carried out on them.
(c) the animals which are used to carry out experiments.
(d) Both (b) and (c)
16. The American Psychological Association does all the following except;
a) give guidelines to carry out research using subjects.
b) evaluate if a research is ethically acceptable.
c) decide the responsibilities of all the research participants.
d} penalize the researcher if his experiment is in any way harmful.
Q. 17-18. A and B are mothers-in-law of C and D, not necessarily in that order. B is daughter of A. C is the only male member in the group.
17. How is C related to D?
a) spouse b) siblings
c) father d) can't be determined
18. If B is the only daughter of A and B is the mother in law of D then C is ...... of D
a). Husband b) father in law
c) brother d) brother in law
19. In a software company where every person knows at least one language, 50% know poha language 60% know kova language 70% know vada language. 20% know poha and kova language, 30% know kova and vada language, 30% know vada and poha language. How many people know all the
three language.
a) 30% b) 25%
c) 0% d) 10%
20. A toothpaste manufacturer is giving two different offers on its 100g tube. The first one is giving 30% extra at the same price, and
the second one is giving 30% off on the marked price. By what percentage is the first offer costlier than the second one?
a) 4.2% b) 2.4%
c) 9.88% d) 0%
21. Train A takes 4.5 hours to go form, Station X to Station Y. Train B takes 6 hours to go from Station Y to Station X. If train A starts from X at 12:OOpm and train B starts from Y at 1:304)m, when will they meet?
a) 3:12 b) 3:32
c) 1:52 d) 2:42
22. 5762 =?
a) 331776 b} 271774
c) 271786 d) 312566
Q 23-24 : Six persons Ana, Bana, Cana, Dana, Ena and Fana were playing a game of cards.Ana's father, mother and uncle were in the group. There were two women. Bana, the mother of Ana gets more points than her
husband. Dana got more point Ena but less than Fana. Niece of Ena got lowest points. Father of Ana got more points than Fana but could not win the game?
23. Who won the game?
a) Bana b) Cana
c) Aria d) Fana
24. If Bana was me of the ladies, who was the
other lady?
a) Fana b) Ana
c) Dana d) Ena
Q. 25 to 30: Consider the first 135 multiples of 6
25. What is the sum of the numbers?
a) 55070 b) 55080
c) 54540 d) 56080
26. What will be the average of the numbers?
a) 357 b) 358
c) 408 d) 407
27. If in place of 6, a student takes 135 multiples
of 7, what will be the ratio of averages?
a) 6/7 b) 3/.
c) 4/7 d) 43/35
28. In a school 30% of students are boys and rest, girls. 60% of the students are tall and the rest are short. If 10% of the students are short boys and 60 students are girls and are tall. How many of the students are tall boys?
a) 40 b) 20 c) 45 d) 30
29. If Raja cannot count, he can spell. If Purnima does not pay, Taru.n goes on strike. If Purnima pays, Raja can spell.Therefore if Tarun does not go on strike
a) Purnima does not pay
b) Raja can count
c) Raja cannot count
d) none of the above
30. Either Pakistan will test the Ghauri missileor India will conduct a nuclear test. Either the United States will not lift sanctions on
India or Clinton will visit India. Which of the following is necessary to ensure that India conducts a nuclear test and Clinton will visit India.
a) Pakistan will not test the Ghaurimissile and the United States will not lift sanctions.
b) Pakistan will test the Ghauri missile and the United States will lift sanctions.
c} Pakistan will not test the Ghauri missile.
d) Pakistan will not test the Ghauri missile and the United States will lift sanctions.
31 to 34: The following pie charts give the break-up of the expenditures and revenues for an automobile manufacturing firm,
Jalopy Motors, for the first 8 months of the year '98.
Rs 1400 crore Rs 1600 crore
Code A B C D
Entity_ Wages Raw mat. _ Power bill
Sourced Ports
Code E F G
Entit Frei ht Taxes Misc.
Entity Scooterettes Scooters Bikes Cars SUVs
31. What is the power bill of the company for the given period? (in crore)
a) 40 b) 48 c) 58 d) 70
32. If the shares of the different expenditures don't change, and the expenditures are proportional to time, what would be the difference between the wage bill and taxes for the year'98? (in cr.)
a) 35 b) 56 c) 78 d) 84
33. What are the revenues from bikes as a percentage of that from cars for the given period?
a) 75% b) 80°6 cy 120~~ d) 140;0
34. If the shares of the different sources of revenues remain constant and the revenues keep coming at the same rate, what would be
the difference between the revenues from cars and SUVs for the year '98'? (in cr.)
a) 160 b) 180 c) 220 d} 240
Q. 35 to 39: Following are the results of the survey of five villages conducted by the agricultural department. The table gives
details about the different crops grown and the irrigation facilities available. A village is given standard aid if less than 35% of the
arable land is under irrigation. If the land under irrigation is between 35% and 50%, but the village grows rice on more than 50% of
its arable land, then it is given partial aid.The village that has least area under irrigation among the unaided (partial or
otherwise) ones would be eligible for special water grant.
h Rice I Vv'hheat Others irngated
-_ I Nagaon_- 120 I 40 ~ 100 ! 25°1°
I Hatigaon ~ 230 80 I 90 ~ 38%
' GaUripUr I 1601 140 I 100 ', 45°i°
Basugaon ~~ 80 ~ 14G j 100 i 66%
~ Bangaon 180! 60 12030%
~
--_
35. How many villages are eligible for standard aid?
a) 1 b) 2 ci 3 d) 4
36. Which of the following viliuyes are eligible for partial aid?
a) Nagaon b) Hatigaon
c) Gauripur d) Eanyaon
37. Which village got the speoal v.,a±pr grant'?
a) Nagaon b) Hatigaon
c) Gauripur d) Bangaon
38. What percentage of the total arable land of the villages is eligible for standard aid is under irrigation?
a) 28% b) 33% c) 24% d) 42%
39, if the average production of wheat per hectare is 150 tons, what is the production of wheat by Nagoan and Hatigaon? (in '000
tons)
a) 18 b) 29 c) 34 d) 30
40. Which of the following statements is NOT correct
(a) Audio-visual media is the strongest form of effective teaching
(b) Cable TV, E-mail, Internet are not forms of mass media
(c) Radio is an effective medium of propaganda
(d) The earliest form of audio-visual was cinema.
41. `Television as a medium of visual communication offers immense
possibilities to overcome illiteracy barrier'.This statement is
(a) true (b) partially true
(c) false (d) absurd
42. The radio is
(a) a source of enjoyment only
(b) a visual aid
(c) both an audio and a visual aid
(d) an audio media.
43. Which of the following measures could optimize effectiveness of the 'Visuals'?
(a) Preparing a colourful visual
(b) Preparing an attractive visual
(c) By explaining what is to be observed in the visual
(d) Asking students to prepare notes.
44. Which of these develop imagination among learners?
(a) Radio (b) Books (c) Educational films
(d) Pictures.
45. Communication can be
(a) Intra
(B) A personal
(C) Inter
(D) All of the above.
46. A teacher must have a character
(a) for the students try to imbibe the way of life of the teacher
(b) so that the parents of the school students are impressed
(c) so that the managing committee likes him
(d) so that he can lead his life well.
47. A man starting at a point walks 1 km east, then 2 km north, then 1 km east, then 1 km north, then 1 km east and then 1 km north to arrive at his destination. What is the shortest distance between the starting point and his destination?
a) 8 km b} 7 km c} 6 km d) 5 km
48. Of the three numbers the first is twice the second and half of the third. If the average of the three numbers is 56, the three numbers in
order are:
a) 96, 24, 48
c) 48, 24, 96
c) 48, 96, 24
d) 96, 48, 24
49. A building contractor employs 20 males, 15 female and some child workers. He pays Rs. 25 per day to a male worker, Rs. 20 per day to
a female worker and Rs. 8 per day to a child worker. If the average wage per day paid by the contractor is Rs. 21, how many child
workers did the contractor employ?
a) 4 b) 5 c) 7 d) 8
50. What is the smallest number, which when divided by 3, 8 and 15 leaves the remainder 1,6 and 13 respectively?
a)121 b) 242 c)118 d) 239
ANSWERS
1. c 2. b 3. d 4. a 5. d
6. c 7. d 8. c 9. c 10.c
11. a 12.b 13.a 14. c 15.b
16.d 17.d 18. a 19. c 20.c
21.a 22.a 23.a 24.b 25. b
26. c 27. c 28. d 29. a 30. b
31.d 32.d 33.c 34.d 35. b
36.b 37.c 38.a 39. a 40.a
41.a 42.d 43. c 44. d 45. d
46. a 47. d 48. c 49. b 50. c
1. Cause celebre. It is only the latest term to circulate with alarming regularity. Have cause, will espouse, happens to be the latest mantra of high society. The beautiful people may not know much about housing problems, encroachment atc: but will oppose slum demolitions. They may not know about the drought problems in Saurashtra, but will rant againt the Sardar Sarovar project. In my opinion they are…….
a) anti-poor
b) celebrities such as authors or movies stars
c) by and large unaware of ground realities and only involved in a “cause” for the sake of doing so.
d) by and large aware of the situation at ground zero but not of the ramifications of supporting a particular cause.
2. The former soviet union built up the world’s largest standing army. Its military industrial complex fabricated a whopping 45,000 nuclear warheads at the height of the cold war its sphere of influence extended from Vietnam to cuba. Yet the “soviet structure” was challenged from within……without considering history as we it, which of the following statements would give credence to the above view.
a) the soviet union was too large to govern.
b) despite the soviet union’s military might, it failed to raise the standard of living of its citizens thereby fuelling economic and more dangerously political discontent of the system.
c) The soviet union was not strong militarily with respect to the other major power of the world.
d) The system of governance in the soviet union was non-sustainable.
3. The Hizb-ul-Mujahideen has just declared a three-month long cease fire. The news has come as a pleasant surprise for pundits who have long been predicting that since it has already been a decade of full-scale militancy, Kashmir, like Punjab would too turn the corner. Which of the follwing examples follows a similar logic.
a) Lawyer- “I have won a lot of cases, but of late certain hostile judges have sullied my record.”
b) Cop- “I have arrested a lot of people, but none have ever had political connections.”
c) Scientist- “I have discovered 6 new plants in 6 months alone, so by the time I retire, I probably would have discovered many more.”
d) Aeronautical engineer- “The prithvi missile was handed over to army after 3 successful test flights. Today we are about to test Agni-II for the third time and then we will hand it over to the army.”
4.The glory days of hindi cinema are long over. Remember the time when movies such as Jagte Raho, Do Bigha Zameen, Mother India, Kaagaz ke Phool made animpact. Today, all that bollywood has to offer are muscle men and bimbos, teamed up for lewd songs! Which of the following if true would weaken the author’s argument?
a) All hindi movies churned out by bollywood today cannot be categorized as bad movies
b) We get the movies we deserve.
c) The examples which the author cites to prove his point are not reflective of all the movies of the putative “glory days” and “muscle men and bimbos in lewd songs” have always been a part of bollywood since its inception.
d) The movies of today are more commercialized and have to cater to the lowest common denominator.
5. Mr. Jacob works for coffee plantation in Coorg. He gets paid Rs. 30 per hour subject to the fact that the beans are retrieved from at least 10 plants in the same time. Otherwise he gets paid Rs.15 for the same duration. What does this say about Mr. Jacob or his company?
a) Mr. Jacob is assured o a regular income till he retires.
b) The company in question nas not adapted to the new market scenario that dictates
that labour must be paid scle!y on the basis of productivity.
c) Mr. Jacob does not meet his targets oflen.
d) The company in question links a part of the wages it pays to the productivity of its
Employees
6. Richard Branson gets off a Virg in-Atlantic flight dressed in a Bhangra outfit. He reaks into a Jig with the local dancers at New Delhi's international airport (India). He wan's to
promote his air service to London and hence the "bhangra naach (bhar?gra dance)" Branson does all !his because.
a) he wants his airline to knock British Airways out of the picture,
b) because he knows that there if a large Sikh community which nnay want to use
the service.
c) to entice Indians into trying out his airline by "doing in Rome as the Romans do"
principle
d) by dancing his way into Indian hearts.
Read the passage given below and answer the question nos. 7 and 8 :
Everyone wants to go the United States, it's all very well to give the GRE and ail but it's quite another to get adjusted to the "American Culture”. For starters America is not the land of promiscuity, at least as far as Asians students are concerned .Asian students score amazing marks in examinations but probably never attend a fart part.
7. Asian American are………….
a) Prosperous but not social
b) prosperous but putatively social
c} sybarite
d) None of the above
8. Asian students are academically far superior vis-a-vis American students in the realm of academia. Which of the following is also true ot the indian students.
a} the. Indian students are promiscuous.
b) the Indian students are not promiscuous.
c) the Indian students are not invited to frat party.
d) none et the above
Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions based on them.
As a human enterprise, research involves ethical questions, not in terms of the questions we address but in terms of how we address
these questions and report our results. Over the past two decades a number of studies have brought into sharp focus some of the issues involved. For example, in one research effort that won a prize from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, subjects were told to teach other subjects ("learners") a list of paired associate words
and to punish thevn with an electric shock when an e!ror was made. The issue in Vestiaated was obedience to authority.Aithoug,h actual shocks were not used, the subjects believed that it was being used and
often "administered" high levels despite pleas from the "learners" that it was painful. In another research effort in which a prison environment was simulated, subjects took on the roles of guards and prisoners. Subject "guards' were found to be verbally and physically aggressive to subject "prisoners," who allowed themselves to be-treated in a dehirmanised way. Finally, we are all probably aware of one behaviour modification program or another that has been used to shape he behaviour c:! children or patients without their consent or voluntary participation.Such programs are dramatic in the issues they raise, hut the underlying question concerning ethical principles of research is fundamental, Do experimenters have the right to require rarticipation? To deceive subjects? 'A'hat are the ethical esponsibilities of researchers to subjects and to psychology as a science? The former has been an issue of concern to the American Psychological Association, and it has adopted a list of
relevant ethical principles. The essence of these principles is that "the psychologist carries out the investigation with respect and concern for the dignity and welfare of the people who participate." This includes, evaluating the ethical acceptability of the research, determining whether subjects in the study will be at risk in any way, and establishing a clear and fair agreement with research participants concerning the obligations and responsibilities of each. Although the use of concealment or deception is recognised as necessary in some case, strict guidelines are presented. It is recognised as the
responsibility of the investigator to protect participants from physical and mental discomfort, harm and danger.The ethical responsibility of psychologists includes the interpretation and presentation of results as well as the conduct of the research. Of late there has been serious concern in science generally with "the spreading stain of fraud". Some concern with this issue began with charges that Sir Cyril Burt, a once prominent British psychologist, intentionally misrepresented data in his research on the inheritance of intelligence. In other fields of science there have been reports of investigators intentionally manipulating data to enhance their chances of publication, grant funding, promotion, and public recognition. Recently, there was an investigation whether psychologists working
in the area of alcoholism had intentionally misrepresented their data. The issue of fraud is one that scientists do not like to recognise
or talk about because it goes against the very fabric of the scientific enterprise. Although fraudulent data and falsified conclusions are
very rare, the profession of psychologists is beginning to face up to their existence and to take constructive steps in solving the problem.
Much more subtle than fraud, and undoubtedly of much broader significance, is the issue of the effects of personal and social
bias on the ways in which issues are developed and the kinds of data that are accepted as evidence in support for one or
another kind of enterprise. In considering sex differences, for example, to what extent are research projects developed in a way that is free from bias and to what extent is evidence for or against the existence of sex differences equally likely to be accepted? To what extent do our own social and political values influence not only what is studied but how it is studied and the kinds of conclusions we are prepared to reach? As noted, although scientists make every effort to be objective and remove all possible sources of error and bias from their research, this remains a human enterprise with the potential for personal, social, cultural, and political influence.Finally, we may note in a related way the role of research in the formulation of public
policy. Though still in an early stage of development as a science, psychology does relate to fundamental human concerns and
psychologists are often called on to suggest the relevance of this research for public policy. This has happened with intelligence tests and immigration policy, child development and the effects of early enrichment programs; and the effects of television violence on aggression in everyday life.Recently, Seligman's work has been
reiated to societal functioning, with the suggestion that some social programs may operate to increase learned helplessness. For
example, many Scandinavian countries have served as a model for social reform and social welfare. While praising these accom-plishments, one Swedish psychologist has warned that a potential side effect of overly
extensive programs in this area may be the development of a broad earned helplessness phenomenon in the population. !n sum, among
the issues that concern us as researchers and as consumers of research is that of how the results may be interpreted to direct,
support, or refute various social policies
9. The passage says that,
(A) Researchers need to be free from all kinds of bias and they always are.
(B) Researchers need to be free from all kinds of bias and they never are.
(C) Researchers need to be free from all kinds of bias and they sometimes are not.
(D) Researchers need not to be free from all kinds of bias and still they always are.
10. All the following are the reasons for scientists misrepresenting data except
(A) to receive acclaim
(B) to get research papers published
(C) to intentionally harm competitor colleagues
(D) to facilitate faster flow of funding.
11. It can be inferred from the passage that
(A) psychology is in its nascent stage of being evolved into a science.
(B) psychology has evolved fully as a science.
(C) psychology can never evolve into a complete science.
(D). psychology will have to struggle if it wants to evolve into a complete science.
12. The psychological research findings,
a). can never be used practically for the purposes of social policy support.
b) can and should be used for the purposes of social policy support.
c) can but should not be used for the purposes of social policy support.
d) the passage does not mention any connection between research and social policy.
13. One can assume that,
a) If people are told that a certain thing would happen they tend to believe that it has happened even if it actually has not.
b)If people are told that a certain thing would happen they never tend to believe that it has happened if it actually has not.
c) If people are told that a certain thing would happen they never tend to believe that it has happened even if it actually has
d) None of the above.
14. The author is against:
a) all psychological research.
b) all research
c) all research in which the subject is treated badly
d) all of the above.
15. "Subjects" could be,
(a) the topics under discussion for psychological research.
(b) the people who volunteer for psychological experiments to be carried out on them.
(c) the animals which are used to carry out experiments.
(d) Both (b) and (c)
16. The American Psychological Association does all the following except;
a) give guidelines to carry out research using subjects.
b) evaluate if a research is ethically acceptable.
c) decide the responsibilities of all the research participants.
d} penalize the researcher if his experiment is in any way harmful.
Q. 17-18. A and B are mothers-in-law of C and D, not necessarily in that order. B is daughter of A. C is the only male member in the group.
17. How is C related to D?
a) spouse b) siblings
c) father d) can't be determined
18. If B is the only daughter of A and B is the mother in law of D then C is ...... of D
a). Husband b) father in law
c) brother d) brother in law
19. In a software company where every person knows at least one language, 50% know poha language 60% know kova language 70% know vada language. 20% know poha and kova language, 30% know kova and vada language, 30% know vada and poha language. How many people know all the
three language.
a) 30% b) 25%
c) 0% d) 10%
20. A toothpaste manufacturer is giving two different offers on its 100g tube. The first one is giving 30% extra at the same price, and
the second one is giving 30% off on the marked price. By what percentage is the first offer costlier than the second one?
a) 4.2% b) 2.4%
c) 9.88% d) 0%
21. Train A takes 4.5 hours to go form, Station X to Station Y. Train B takes 6 hours to go from Station Y to Station X. If train A starts from X at 12:OOpm and train B starts from Y at 1:304)m, when will they meet?
a) 3:12 b) 3:32
c) 1:52 d) 2:42
22. 5762 =?
a) 331776 b} 271774
c) 271786 d) 312566
Q 23-24 : Six persons Ana, Bana, Cana, Dana, Ena and Fana were playing a game of cards.Ana's father, mother and uncle were in the group. There were two women. Bana, the mother of Ana gets more points than her
husband. Dana got more point Ena but less than Fana. Niece of Ena got lowest points. Father of Ana got more points than Fana but could not win the game?
23. Who won the game?
a) Bana b) Cana
c) Aria d) Fana
24. If Bana was me of the ladies, who was the
other lady?
a) Fana b) Ana
c) Dana d) Ena
Q. 25 to 30: Consider the first 135 multiples of 6
25. What is the sum of the numbers?
a) 55070 b) 55080
c) 54540 d) 56080
26. What will be the average of the numbers?
a) 357 b) 358
c) 408 d) 407
27. If in place of 6, a student takes 135 multiples
of 7, what will be the ratio of averages?
a) 6/7 b) 3/.
c) 4/7 d) 43/35
28. In a school 30% of students are boys and rest, girls. 60% of the students are tall and the rest are short. If 10% of the students are short boys and 60 students are girls and are tall. How many of the students are tall boys?
a) 40 b) 20 c) 45 d) 30
29. If Raja cannot count, he can spell. If Purnima does not pay, Taru.n goes on strike. If Purnima pays, Raja can spell.Therefore if Tarun does not go on strike
a) Purnima does not pay
b) Raja can count
c) Raja cannot count
d) none of the above
30. Either Pakistan will test the Ghauri missileor India will conduct a nuclear test. Either the United States will not lift sanctions on
India or Clinton will visit India. Which of the following is necessary to ensure that India conducts a nuclear test and Clinton will visit India.
a) Pakistan will not test the Ghaurimissile and the United States will not lift sanctions.
b) Pakistan will test the Ghauri missile and the United States will lift sanctions.
c} Pakistan will not test the Ghauri missile.
d) Pakistan will not test the Ghauri missile and the United States will lift sanctions.
31 to 34: The following pie charts give the break-up of the expenditures and revenues for an automobile manufacturing firm,
Jalopy Motors, for the first 8 months of the year '98.
Rs 1400 crore Rs 1600 crore
Code A B C D
Entity_ Wages Raw mat. _ Power bill
Sourced Ports
Code E F G
Entit Frei ht Taxes Misc.
Entity Scooterettes Scooters Bikes Cars SUVs
31. What is the power bill of the company for the given period? (in crore)
a) 40 b) 48 c) 58 d) 70
32. If the shares of the different expenditures don't change, and the expenditures are proportional to time, what would be the difference between the wage bill and taxes for the year'98? (in cr.)
a) 35 b) 56 c) 78 d) 84
33. What are the revenues from bikes as a percentage of that from cars for the given period?
a) 75% b) 80°6 cy 120~~ d) 140;0
34. If the shares of the different sources of revenues remain constant and the revenues keep coming at the same rate, what would be
the difference between the revenues from cars and SUVs for the year '98'? (in cr.)
a) 160 b) 180 c) 220 d} 240
Q. 35 to 39: Following are the results of the survey of five villages conducted by the agricultural department. The table gives
details about the different crops grown and the irrigation facilities available. A village is given standard aid if less than 35% of the
arable land is under irrigation. If the land under irrigation is between 35% and 50%, but the village grows rice on more than 50% of
its arable land, then it is given partial aid.The village that has least area under irrigation among the unaided (partial or
otherwise) ones would be eligible for special water grant.
h Rice I Vv'hheat Others irngated
-_ I Nagaon_- 120 I 40 ~ 100 ! 25°1°
I Hatigaon ~ 230 80 I 90 ~ 38%
' GaUripUr I 1601 140 I 100 ', 45°i°
Basugaon ~~ 80 ~ 14G j 100 i 66%
~ Bangaon 180! 60 12030%
~
--_
35. How many villages are eligible for standard aid?
a) 1 b) 2 ci 3 d) 4
36. Which of the following viliuyes are eligible for partial aid?
a) Nagaon b) Hatigaon
c) Gauripur d) Eanyaon
37. Which village got the speoal v.,a±pr grant'?
a) Nagaon b) Hatigaon
c) Gauripur d) Bangaon
38. What percentage of the total arable land of the villages is eligible for standard aid is under irrigation?
a) 28% b) 33% c) 24% d) 42%
39, if the average production of wheat per hectare is 150 tons, what is the production of wheat by Nagoan and Hatigaon? (in '000
tons)
a) 18 b) 29 c) 34 d) 30
40. Which of the following statements is NOT correct
(a) Audio-visual media is the strongest form of effective teaching
(b) Cable TV, E-mail, Internet are not forms of mass media
(c) Radio is an effective medium of propaganda
(d) The earliest form of audio-visual was cinema.
41. `Television as a medium of visual communication offers immense
possibilities to overcome illiteracy barrier'.This statement is
(a) true (b) partially true
(c) false (d) absurd
42. The radio is
(a) a source of enjoyment only
(b) a visual aid
(c) both an audio and a visual aid
(d) an audio media.
43. Which of the following measures could optimize effectiveness of the 'Visuals'?
(a) Preparing a colourful visual
(b) Preparing an attractive visual
(c) By explaining what is to be observed in the visual
(d) Asking students to prepare notes.
44. Which of these develop imagination among learners?
(a) Radio (b) Books (c) Educational films
(d) Pictures.
45. Communication can be
(a) Intra
(B) A personal
(C) Inter
(D) All of the above.
46. A teacher must have a character
(a) for the students try to imbibe the way of life of the teacher
(b) so that the parents of the school students are impressed
(c) so that the managing committee likes him
(d) so that he can lead his life well.
47. A man starting at a point walks 1 km east, then 2 km north, then 1 km east, then 1 km north, then 1 km east and then 1 km north to arrive at his destination. What is the shortest distance between the starting point and his destination?
a) 8 km b} 7 km c} 6 km d) 5 km
48. Of the three numbers the first is twice the second and half of the third. If the average of the three numbers is 56, the three numbers in
order are:
a) 96, 24, 48
c) 48, 24, 96
c) 48, 96, 24
d) 96, 48, 24
49. A building contractor employs 20 males, 15 female and some child workers. He pays Rs. 25 per day to a male worker, Rs. 20 per day to
a female worker and Rs. 8 per day to a child worker. If the average wage per day paid by the contractor is Rs. 21, how many child
workers did the contractor employ?
a) 4 b) 5 c) 7 d) 8
50. What is the smallest number, which when divided by 3, 8 and 15 leaves the remainder 1,6 and 13 respectively?
a)121 b) 242 c)118 d) 239
ANSWERS
1. c 2. b 3. d 4. a 5. d
6. c 7. d 8. c 9. c 10.c
11. a 12.b 13.a 14. c 15.b
16.d 17.d 18. a 19. c 20.c
21.a 22.a 23.a 24.b 25. b
26. c 27. c 28. d 29. a 30. b
31.d 32.d 33.c 34.d 35. b
36.b 37.c 38.a 39. a 40.a
41.a 42.d 43. c 44. d 45. d
46. a 47. d 48. c 49. b 50. c
Wednesday, October 17, 2007
(Question paper Punjabi university) Relational database management system and oracle-MS-124
Relational database management system and oracle-MS-124
Time : three hours MM – 80
Note :- Attempt five questions in all, selecting exactly one from each of the secations A, B, C and D. section E is compulsory.
Section A
1. Discuss the three level architecture of database management system. Explain the various types of data independence. How mapping is performed between different levels of database architecture ? explain .
2. define and distinguish between network and hierarchical models.
Section-B
3. (a) What are the properties of a valid relation ?
(b) define the following concepts :
(i) Relation
(ii) domain
(iii) union compatibility.
4. (a) Define functional dependency. Discuss various types of functional dependency.
(b) what are the consequences of bad database design ? explain.
Section- C
5. Define database integrity. What are the various types of database integrity ? explain.
6. Define distributed database. What are the tradeoffs in using distributed database ? what are the various methods of data distribution ? explain.
Section-D
7. what is a cursor. Write a procedure in PL-SQL using to compute income tax based on the following information:
(a) if gross pay <=40000 then IT rate 0%
(b) if gross pay >40000 but <=60000 then IT rate 10%
(c) if gross pay >60000 but <=100000 then IT rate 20%
(d) if gross pay >100000 then IT rate 30%
For the purpose create a table with the following information:
(a) basic pay
(b) dearness allowance (85% of basic pay)
(c) house rent allowance (15% of basic pay+da)
(d) medical allowance (rs 450 pm)
(e) city compensatory allowance (350 pm)
(f) enter values in the table so that all the cases can be checked.
8. what are the various background processes of oracle ? explain the role of each process.
Section –E
1. who are the different users of the database system ?
2. what is the difference between super key and candidate key ?
3. what is the purpose of DDL, DML, and DCL ?
4. define domain compatibility.
5. define full function dependency.
6. what are the threats to the database ?
7. define two phase locking protocol.
8. what is the differences between backward recovery and forward recovery ?
9. define deadlock.
10. define two phase commit protocol .
11. what is the philosophy behind client /server architecture ?
12. define data warehousing .
13. what are spatial databases ?
14. view is stored query. Justify this statement.
15. define trigger.
16. what is a cursor?
Time : three hours MM – 80
Note :- Attempt five questions in all, selecting exactly one from each of the secations A, B, C and D. section E is compulsory.
Section A
1. Discuss the three level architecture of database management system. Explain the various types of data independence. How mapping is performed between different levels of database architecture ? explain .
2. define and distinguish between network and hierarchical models.
Section-B
3. (a) What are the properties of a valid relation ?
(b) define the following concepts :
(i) Relation
(ii) domain
(iii) union compatibility.
4. (a) Define functional dependency. Discuss various types of functional dependency.
(b) what are the consequences of bad database design ? explain.
Section- C
5. Define database integrity. What are the various types of database integrity ? explain.
6. Define distributed database. What are the tradeoffs in using distributed database ? what are the various methods of data distribution ? explain.
Section-D
7. what is a cursor. Write a procedure in PL-SQL using to compute income tax based on the following information:
(a) if gross pay <=40000 then IT rate 0%
(b) if gross pay >40000 but <=60000 then IT rate 10%
(c) if gross pay >60000 but <=100000 then IT rate 20%
(d) if gross pay >100000 then IT rate 30%
For the purpose create a table with the following information:
(a) basic pay
(b) dearness allowance (85% of basic pay)
(c) house rent allowance (15% of basic pay+da)
(d) medical allowance (rs 450 pm)
(e) city compensatory allowance (350 pm)
(f) enter values in the table so that all the cases can be checked.
8. what are the various background processes of oracle ? explain the role of each process.
Section –E
1. who are the different users of the database system ?
2. what is the difference between super key and candidate key ?
3. what is the purpose of DDL, DML, and DCL ?
4. define domain compatibility.
5. define full function dependency.
6. what are the threats to the database ?
7. define two phase locking protocol.
8. what is the differences between backward recovery and forward recovery ?
9. define deadlock.
10. define two phase commit protocol .
11. what is the philosophy behind client /server architecture ?
12. define data warehousing .
13. what are spatial databases ?
14. view is stored query. Justify this statement.
15. define trigger.
16. what is a cursor?
Operating System
Operating system
Time : three hours MM – 80
Note :- Attempt five questions in all, selecting exactly one from each of the secations A, B, C and D. section E is compulsory.
Section A
1. Explain :
(a) Simple Batch system
(b) Multi-Programmed batch system
(c) Time sharing system. 12
2. Explain the difference and relationship between a program and a process. Is this difference important in serial (single process) operating system ? Why or why not ? 12
Section B
3. Distinguish between interrupt driven i/o and DMA.
4. Following is the information related to process workload :
Processes Burst-time (in ms)
P1 21
P2 13
P3 10
P4 8
P5 6
Compute the waiting time for (a) FCFS (b) SJF (c ) Round robin (quantum=10).
Section C
5. What are Semaphores ? explain the critical section problem. 12
6. Define deadlock . what are the necessary conditions of a deadlock ? discuss in detail.12
Section –D
7. Discuss various directory structure along with their relative advantages and disadvantages .
8. Distinguish between :-
(a) Authorization and authentication
(b) Protection and security
(c) File and directory.
9. (a) What is the principal disadvantage of too much multi-programming ?
(b) what are two main operating system functions ?
(c) what is the main difference between multi-programming and time-sharing ?
(d) what are device drivers ?
(e) what is the difference between pre-emptive and non-pre emptive scheduling ?
(f) name the conditions for the occurrence of a deadlock.
(g) what is a safe state ?
(h) what are semaphores?
(i) what is virtual memory ?
(j) what is the difference between authorization and authentication ?
(k) what is a thread ?
(l) why directory structure is acyclic graph type ?
(m) what is process control block (PCB) ?
(n) what are processes and resources ?
(o) what are Coordinating processes ?
(p) what is cryptology ? 16*2=32
Time : three hours MM – 80
Note :- Attempt five questions in all, selecting exactly one from each of the secations A, B, C and D. section E is compulsory.
Section A
1. Explain :
(a) Simple Batch system
(b) Multi-Programmed batch system
(c) Time sharing system. 12
2. Explain the difference and relationship between a program and a process. Is this difference important in serial (single process) operating system ? Why or why not ? 12
Section B
3. Distinguish between interrupt driven i/o and DMA.
4. Following is the information related to process workload :
Processes Burst-time (in ms)
P1 21
P2 13
P3 10
P4 8
P5 6
Compute the waiting time for (a) FCFS (b) SJF (c ) Round robin (quantum=10).
Section C
5. What are Semaphores ? explain the critical section problem. 12
6. Define deadlock . what are the necessary conditions of a deadlock ? discuss in detail.12
Section –D
7. Discuss various directory structure along with their relative advantages and disadvantages .
8. Distinguish between :-
(a) Authorization and authentication
(b) Protection and security
(c) File and directory.
9. (a) What is the principal disadvantage of too much multi-programming ?
(b) what are two main operating system functions ?
(c) what is the main difference between multi-programming and time-sharing ?
(d) what are device drivers ?
(e) what is the difference between pre-emptive and non-pre emptive scheduling ?
(f) name the conditions for the occurrence of a deadlock.
(g) what is a safe state ?
(h) what are semaphores?
(i) what is virtual memory ?
(j) what is the difference between authorization and authentication ?
(k) what is a thread ?
(l) why directory structure is acyclic graph type ?
(m) what is process control block (PCB) ?
(n) what are processes and resources ?
(o) what are Coordinating processes ?
(p) what is cryptology ? 16*2=32
Tuesday, October 16, 2007
Computer Question
41. Q. What is a faster way to do the same command?
mv fileO.txt newdir
mv filel.txt newdir
mv file2.txt newdir
mv file3.txt newdir
A. A shortcut method would be: mv file?.txt newdir
42. Q. List two ways to create a new file:
A.
a. Copy a file to make a new file.
b. Use the output operator e.g. ls -l > newfile.txt
43. Q. What is the difference between > and >> operators?
A. The operator > either overwrites the existing file (WITHOUT WARNING) or creates a new file.
The operator >> either adds the new contents to the end of an existing file or creates a new file.
44. Write the command to do the following:
44.1 Redirect the output from the directory listing to a printer.
44.2 Add the file efg.txt to the end of the file abc.txt.
44.3 The file testdata feeds information into the file called program
44.4 Observe the contents of the file called xyz.txt using MORE.
44.5 Observe a directory listing that is four screens long.
A.
44.1 ls > lpr
44.2 cat efg.txt >> abc.txt
44.3 program < testdata
44.4 more < xyz.txt
44.5 ls > dirsave | more
45. Q. How do you estimate file space usage
A. Use du command (Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for
directories.) Good to use arguments du -hs
(-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
(-s, --summarize display only a total for each argument)
46. Q. How can you see all mounted drives?
A. mount -l
47. Q. How can you find a path to the file in the system?
A. locate file_name (locate - list files in databases that match a pattern)
48. Q. What Linux HotKeys do you know?
A. Ctrl-Alt-F1 Exit to command prompt
Ctrl-Alt-F7 or F8 Takes you back to KDE desktop from command prompt
Crtl-Alt-Backspace Restart XWindows
Ctrl-Alt-D Show desktop
49. Q. What can you tell about the tar Command?
A. The tar program is an immensely useful archiving utility. It can combine
an entire directory tree into one large file suitable for transferring or
compression.
50. Q. What types of files you know?
A. Files come in eight flavors:
Normal files
Directories
Hard links
Symbolic links
Sockets
Named pipes
Character devices
Block devices
51. Q. How to copy files from on PC to another on the same network
A. Use the following command:scp yur_file you_login@your_IP
example: copy .conf file from your PC to alex computer-
scp /etc/X11/xorg.conf alex@10.0.10.169:
52. Q. Please describe information below:
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dotpc dotpc 102 Jul 18 2003 file.buf
drwxr-xr-x 9 dotpc dotpc 4096 Oct 21 09:34 bin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 dotpc dotpc 20 Mar 21 15:00 client -> client-2.9.5
drwxrwxr-x 11 dotpc dotpc 4096 Sep 2 2005 client-2.8.9
drwxrwxr-x 7 dotpc dotpc 4096 Dec 14 12:13 data
drwxr-xr-x 12 dotpc dotpc 4096 Oct 21 09:41 docs
drwxr-xr-x 5 dotpc dotpc 4096 Dec 7 14:22 etc
drwxr-xr-x 11 dotpc dotpc 4096 Mar 21 15:54 client-2.9.5
-rw-r--r-- 1 dotpc dotpc 644836 Mar 22 09:53 client-2.9.5.tar.gz
A. This is a result of command $ls -l
we have two files, 6 directories and one link to client-2.9.5 directory.
There is number of files in every directory, size and data of last change.
53. Q. If you would like to run two commands in sequence what operators you can use?
A. ; or && the difference is:
if you separate commands with ; second command will be run automatically.
if you separate commands with && second command will be run only in the case
the first was run successfully.
54. Q. How you will uncompress the file?
A. Use tar command (The GNU version of the tar archiving utility):
tar -zxvf file_name.tar.gz
55. Q.How do you execute a program or script, my_script in your current directoty?
A. ./my_script
56. Q.How to find current time configuration in the file my_new.cfg
A. grep time my_new.cfg
Grep searches the named input files (or standard input if
no files are named, or the file name - is given) for lines
containing a match to the given pattern.
Q. What does grep() stand for?
A. General Regular Expression Parser.
57. Q. What does the top command display?
A. Top provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real
time. It displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive
tasks on the system, and can provide an interactive inter¬
face for manipulating processes. (q is to quit)
58. Q. How can you find configuration on linux?
A. by using /sin/ifconfig
If no arguments are given, ifconfig displays the status of the cur-
rently active interfaces. If a single interface argument is given, it displays the status of the given interface only; if a single -a argu-
ment is given, it displays the status of all interfaces, even those
that are down. Otherwise, it configures an interface.
59. Q. How to find difference in two configuration files on the same server?
A. Use diff command that is compare files line by line
diff -u /usr/home/my_project1/etc/ABC.conf /usr/home/my_project2/etc/ABC.conf
60. Q. What is the best way to see the end of a logfile.log file?
A. Use tail command - output the last part of files
tail -n file_name ( the last N lines, instead of the last 10 as default)
61. Q. Please write a loop for removing all files in the current directory that contains a word 'log'
A. for i in *log*; do rm $i; done
62. Question: How to switch to a previously used directory?
Answer: cd -
21. Q. How to remove directory with files?
A. rm -rf directory_name
22. Q. What is the difference between internal and external commands?
A. Internal commands are stored in the; same level as the operating system while external
commands are stored on the hard disk among the other utility programs.
23. Q. List the three main parts of an operating system command:
A. The three main parts are the command, options and arguments.
24 Q. What is the difference between an argument and an option (or switch)?
A. An argument is what the command should act on: it could be a filename,
directory or name. An option is specified when you want to request additional
information over and above the basic information each command supplies.
25. Q. What is the purpose of online help?
A. Online help provides information on each operating system command, the
syntax, the options, the arguments with descriptive information.
26. Q. Name two forms of security.
A. Two forms of security are Passwords and File Security with permissions specified.
27. Q. What command do you type to find help about the command who?
A. $ man who
28. Q. What is the difference between home directory and working directory?
A. Home directory is the directory you begin at when you log into the
system. Working directory can be anywhere on the system and it is where you are currently
working.
29. Q. Which directory is closer to the top of the file system tree, parent directory or current directory?
A. The parent directory is above the current directory, so it is closer to
the root or top of the
file system.
30. Q. Given the following pathname:
$ /business/acctg/payable/supplier/april
a) If you were in the directory called acctg, what would be the relative
pathname name for the file called april?
b) What would be the absolute pathname for april?
A.
a) $ payable/supplier/april
b) $ /business/acctg/payable/supplier/april
31. Q. Suppose your directory had the following files:
help. 1 help.2 help.3 help.4 help.O1 help.O2
aid.O1 aid.O2 aid.O3 back. 1 back.2 back.3
a) What is the command to list all files ending in 2?
b) What is the command to list all files starting in aid?
c) What is the command to list all "help" files with one character extension?
A.
a) ls *2
b) ls aid.*
c) ls help.?
32. Q. What are two subtle differences in using the more and the pg commands?
A. With the more command you display another screenful by pressing
the spacebar, with pg you press the return key.
The more command returns you automatically to the UNIX
shell when completed, while pg waits until you press return.
33. Q. When is it better to use the more command rather than cat command?
A. It is sometimes better to use the more command when you are viewing
a file that will display over one screen.
34. Q. What are two functions the move mv command can carry out?
A. The mv command moves files and can also be used to rename a file or directory.
35. Q. Name two methods you could use to rename a file.
A. Two methods that could be used:
a. use the mv command
b. copy the file and give it a new name and then remove the original file if no longer needed.
36. The soccer league consists of boy and girl teams. The boy file names begin
with B, the girl teams begin with G. All of these files are in one directory
called "soccer", which is your current directory:
Bteam.abc Bteam.OOl Bteam.OO2 Bteam.OO4
Gteam.win Gteam.OOl Gteam.OO2 Gteam.OO3
Write the commands to do the following:
a) rename the file Bteam.abc to Bteam.OO3.
b) erase the file Gteam. win after you have viewed the contents of the file
c) make a directory for the boy team files called "boys", and one for the girl team files
called" girls"
d) move all the boy teams into the "boys" directory
e) move all the girl teams into the "girls" directory
f) make a new file called Gteam.OO4 that is identical to Gteam.OOl
g) make a new file called Gteam.OO5 that is identical to Bteam.OO2
A.
a) mv Bteam.abc Bteam.OO3.
b) cat Gteam.win -or- more Gteam.win
rm Gteam. win
c) mkdir boys
mkdir girls
d) mv Bteam* boys
e) mv Gteam* girls
f) cd girls
cp Gteam.OO1 Gteam.OO4
g) There are several ways to do this. Remember that we are currently in the directory
/soccer/girls.
cp ../boys/Bteam.OO2 Gteam.OO5
or
cd ../boys
cp Bteam.OO2 ../girls/Gteam.OO5
37. Q. Draw a picture of the final directory structure for the "soccer"
directory, showing all the files and directories.
38. Q. What metacharacter is used to do the following:
1.1 Move up one level higher in the directory tree structure
1.2 Specify all the files ending in .txt
1.3 Specify one character
1.4 Redirect input from a file
1.5 Redirect the output and append it to a file
A.
1. 1.1 double-dot or ..
1.2 asterisk or *
1.3 question or ?
1.4 double greater than sign: >>
1.5 the less than sign or <
39. Q. List all the files beginning with A
A. To list all the files beginning with A command: ls A*
40. Q. Which of the quoting or escape characters allows the dollar sign ($) to retain its special meaning?
A. The double quote (") allows the dollar sign ($) to retain its special meaning.
Both the backslash (\) and single quote (') would remove the special meaning of the dollar sign.
1. Q. How do you list files in a directory?
A. ls - list directory contents
ls l (-l use a long listing format)
2. Q. How do you list all files in a directory, including the hidden files?
A. ls -a (-a, do not hide entries starting with .)
3. Q. How do you find out all processes that are currently running?
A. ps -f (-f does full-format listing.)
4. Q. How do you find out the processes that are currently running or a particular user?
A. ps -au Myname (-u by effective user ID (supports names)) (a - all users)
5. Q. How do you kill a process?
A. kill -9 8 (process_id 8) or kill -9 %7 (job number 7)
kill -9 -1 (Kill all processes you can kill.)
killall - kill processes by name most (useful - killall java)
6. Q. What would you use to view contents of the file?
A. less filename
cat filename
pg filename
pr filename
more filename
most useful is command: tail file_name - you can see the end of the log file.
7. Q. What would you use to edit contents of the file?
A. vi screen editor or jedit, nedit or ex line editor
8. Q. What would you use to view contents of a large error log file?
A. tail -10 file_name ( last 10 rows)
9. Q. How do you log in to a remote Unix box?
A. Using telnet server_name or ssh -l ( ssh - OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program))
10.Q. How do you get help on a UNIX terminal?
A. man command_name
info command_name (more information)
11.Q. How do you list contents of a directory including all of its
subdirectories, providing full details and sorted by modification time?
A. ls -lac
-a all entries
-c by time
12.Q. How do you create a symbolic link to a file (give some reasons of doing so)?
A. ln /../file1 Link_name
Links create pointers to the actual files, without duplicating the contents of
the files. That is, a link is a way of providing another name to the same file.
There are two types of links to a file:Hard link, Symbolic (or soft) link;
13.Q. What is a filesystem?
A. Sum of all directories called file system.
A file system is the primary means of file storage in UNIX.
File systems are made of inodes and superblocks.
14.Q. How do you get its usage (a filesystem)?
A. By storing and manipulate files.
15.Q. How do you check the sizes of all users home directories (one command)?
A. du -s
df
The du command summarizes disk usage by directory. It recurses through all subdirectories and shows disk usage by each subdirectory with a final total at the end.
Q. in current directory
A. ls -ps (p- directory; s - size)
16.Q. How do you check for processes started by user 'pat'?
A. ps -fu pat (-f -full_format u -user_name )
17.Q. How do you start a job on background?
A. bg %4 (job 4)
18 Q. What utility would you use to replace a string '2001' for '2002' in a text file?
A. Grep, Kde( works on Linux and Unix)
19. Q. What utility would you use to cut off the first column in a text file?
A. awk, kde
20. Q. How to copy file into directory?
A. cp /tmp/file_name . (dot mean in the current directory)
Describe the differences between XML and HTML.
It's amazing how many developers claim to be proficient programming with XML, yet do not understand the basic differences between XML and HTML. Anyone with a fundamental grasp of XML should be able describe some of the main differences outlined in the table below.
Differences Between XML and HTML
XML: User definable tags
HTML: Defined set of tags designed for web display
XML: Content driven
HTML: Format driven
XML: End tags required for well formed documents
HTML: End tags not required
XML: Quotes required around attributes values
HTML: Quotes not required
XML: Slash required in empty tags
HTML: Slash not required
Describe the role that XSL can play when dynamically generating HTML pages from a relational database.
Even if candidates have never participated in a project involving this type of architecture, they should recognize it as one of the common uses of XML. Querying a database and then formatting the result set so that it can be validated as an XML document allows developers to translate the data into an HTML table using XSLT rules. Consequently, the format of the resulting HTML table can be modified without changing the database query or application code since the document rendering logic is isolated to the XSLT rules.
Give a few examples of types of applications that can benefit from using XML.
There are literally thousands of applications that can benefit from XML technologies. The point of this question is not to have the candidate rattle off a laundry list of projects that they have worked on, but, rather, to allow the candidate to explain the rationale for choosing XML by citing a few real world examples. For instance, one appropriate answer is that XML allows content management systems to store documents independently of their format, which thereby reduces data redundancy. Another answer relates to B2B exchanges or supply chain management systems. In these instances, XML provides a mechanism for multiple companies to exchange data according to an agreed upon set of rules. A third common response involves wireless applications that require WML to render data on hand held devices.
What is DOM and how does it relate to XML?
The Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface specification maintained by the W3C DOM Workgroup that defines an application independent mechanism to access, parse, or update XML data. In simple terms it is a hierarchical model that allows developers to manipulate XML documents easily Any developer that has worked extensively with XML should be able to discuss the concept and use of DOM objects freely. Additionally, it is not unreasonable to expect advanced candidates to thoroughly understand its internal workings and be able to explain how DOM differs from an event-based interface like SAX.
What is SOAP and how does it relate to XML?
The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) uses XML to define a protocol for the exchange of information in distributed computing environments. SOAP consists of three components: an envelope, a set of encoding rules, and a convention for representing remote procedure calls. Unless experience with SOAP is a direct requirement for the open position, knowing the specifics of the protocol, or how it can be used in conjunction with HTTP, is not as important as identifying it as a natural application of XML.
Can you walk us through the steps necessary to parse XML documents?
Superficially, this is a fairly basic question. However, the point is not to determine whether candidates understand the concept of a parser but rather have them walk through the process of parsing XML documents step-by-step. Determining whether a non-validating or validating parser is needed, choosing the appropriate parser, and handling errors are all important aspects to this process that should be included in the candidate's response.
Give some examples of XML DTDs or schemas that you have worked with.
Although XML does not require data to be validated against a DTD, many of the benefits of using the technology are derived from being able to validate XML documents against business or technical architecture rules. Polling for the list of DTDs that developers have worked with provides insight to their general exposure to the technology. The ideal candidate will have knowledge of several of the commonly used DTDs such as FpML, DocBook, HRML, and RDF, as well as experience designing a custom DTD for a particular project where no standard existed.
Using XSLT, how would you extract a specific attribute from an element in an XML document?
xsl:template to match the appropriate XML element, xsl:value-of to select the attribute value, and the optional xsl:apply-templates to continue processing the document.
Extract Attributes from XML Data
Example 1.
Attribute Value:
When constructing an XML DTD, how do you create an external entity reference in an attribute value?
Every interview session should have at least one trick question. Although possible when using SGML, XML DTDs don't support defining external entity references in attribute values. It's more important for the candidate to respond to this question in a logical way than than the candidate know the somewhat obscure answer.
How would you build a search engine for large volumes of XML data?
The way candidates answer this question may provide insight into their view of XML data. For those who view XML primarily as a way to denote structure for text files, a common answer is to build a full-text search and handle the data similarly to the way Internet portals handle HTML pages. Others consider XML as a standard way of transferring structured data between disparate systems. These candidates often describe some scheme of importing XML into a relational or object database and relying on the database's engine for searching. Lastly, candidates that have worked with vendors specializing in this area often say that the best way the handle this situation is to use a third party software package optimized for XML data.
What is the maximum total number of nodes in a tree that has N levels? Note that the root is level (zero)
Explain binary searching, Fibinocci search.
Explain quick sort and merge sort algorithms and derive the time-constraint relation for these. MNB
What do you mean by Base case, Recursive case, Binding Time, Run-Time Stack and Tail Recursion?
What data structure would you mostly likely see in a non recursive implementation of a recursive algorithm?
Write the programs for Linked List (Insertion and Deletion) operations
How would you sort a linked list?
Explain about the types of linked lists
Write programs for Bubble Sort, Quick sort
Write a Binary Search program
Stack can be described as a pointer. Explain.
How is it possible to insert different type of elements in stack?
Convert the following infix expression to post fix notation ((a+2)*(b+4)) -1
Evaluate the following prefix expression " ++ 26 + - 1324"
What does abstract data type means?
Which one is faster? A binary search of an orderd set of elements in an array or a sequential search of the elements.
Parenthesis are never needed in prefix or postfix expressions. Why?
How will inorder, preorder and postorder traversals print the elements of a tree?
In which data structure, elements can be added or removed at either end, but not in the middle?
How can you correct these errors?
What do you mean by: Syntax Error, Logical Error, Runtime Error?
Which data structure is needed to convert infix notations to post fix notations?
What is the average number of comparisons in a sequential search?
Which sort show the best average behavior?
What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine the position of an element in an array of 100 elements, if the elements are ordered
from largest to smallest?
The element being searched for is not found in an array of 100 elements. What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine that the element is not there, if the elements are completely unordered?
When will you sort an array of pointers to list elements, rather than sorting the elements themselves?
A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the shortest time to execute?
A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the longest time to execute?
How many different binary trees and binary search trees can be made from three nodes that contain the key values 1, 2 & 3?
mv fileO.txt newdir
mv filel.txt newdir
mv file2.txt newdir
mv file3.txt newdir
A. A shortcut method would be: mv file?.txt newdir
42. Q. List two ways to create a new file:
A.
a. Copy a file to make a new file.
b. Use the output operator e.g. ls -l > newfile.txt
43. Q. What is the difference between > and >> operators?
A. The operator > either overwrites the existing file (WITHOUT WARNING) or creates a new file.
The operator >> either adds the new contents to the end of an existing file or creates a new file.
44. Write the command to do the following:
44.1 Redirect the output from the directory listing to a printer.
44.2 Add the file efg.txt to the end of the file abc.txt.
44.3 The file testdata feeds information into the file called program
44.4 Observe the contents of the file called xyz.txt using MORE.
44.5 Observe a directory listing that is four screens long.
A.
44.1 ls > lpr
44.2 cat efg.txt >> abc.txt
44.3 program < testdata
44.4 more < xyz.txt
44.5 ls > dirsave | more
45. Q. How do you estimate file space usage
A. Use du command (Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for
directories.) Good to use arguments du -hs
(-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
(-s, --summarize display only a total for each argument)
46. Q. How can you see all mounted drives?
A. mount -l
47. Q. How can you find a path to the file in the system?
A. locate file_name (locate - list files in databases that match a pattern)
48. Q. What Linux HotKeys do you know?
A. Ctrl-Alt-F1 Exit to command prompt
Ctrl-Alt-F7 or F8 Takes you back to KDE desktop from command prompt
Crtl-Alt-Backspace Restart XWindows
Ctrl-Alt-D Show desktop
49. Q. What can you tell about the tar Command?
A. The tar program is an immensely useful archiving utility. It can combine
an entire directory tree into one large file suitable for transferring or
compression.
50. Q. What types of files you know?
A. Files come in eight flavors:
Normal files
Directories
Hard links
Symbolic links
Sockets
Named pipes
Character devices
Block devices
51. Q. How to copy files from on PC to another on the same network
A. Use the following command:scp yur_file you_login@your_IP
example: copy .conf file from your PC to alex computer-
scp /etc/X11/xorg.conf alex@10.0.10.169:
52. Q. Please describe information below:
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dotpc dotpc 102 Jul 18 2003 file.buf
drwxr-xr-x 9 dotpc dotpc 4096 Oct 21 09:34 bin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 dotpc dotpc 20 Mar 21 15:00 client -> client-2.9.5
drwxrwxr-x 11 dotpc dotpc 4096 Sep 2 2005 client-2.8.9
drwxrwxr-x 7 dotpc dotpc 4096 Dec 14 12:13 data
drwxr-xr-x 12 dotpc dotpc 4096 Oct 21 09:41 docs
drwxr-xr-x 5 dotpc dotpc 4096 Dec 7 14:22 etc
drwxr-xr-x 11 dotpc dotpc 4096 Mar 21 15:54 client-2.9.5
-rw-r--r-- 1 dotpc dotpc 644836 Mar 22 09:53 client-2.9.5.tar.gz
A. This is a result of command $ls -l
we have two files, 6 directories and one link to client-2.9.5 directory.
There is number of files in every directory, size and data of last change.
53. Q. If you would like to run two commands in sequence what operators you can use?
A. ; or && the difference is:
if you separate commands with ; second command will be run automatically.
if you separate commands with && second command will be run only in the case
the first was run successfully.
54. Q. How you will uncompress the file?
A. Use tar command (The GNU version of the tar archiving utility):
tar -zxvf file_name.tar.gz
55. Q.How do you execute a program or script, my_script in your current directoty?
A. ./my_script
56. Q.How to find current time configuration in the file my_new.cfg
A. grep time my_new.cfg
Grep searches the named input files (or standard input if
no files are named, or the file name - is given) for lines
containing a match to the given pattern.
Q. What does grep() stand for?
A. General Regular Expression Parser.
57. Q. What does the top command display?
A. Top provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real
time. It displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive
tasks on the system, and can provide an interactive inter¬
face for manipulating processes. (q is to quit)
58. Q. How can you find configuration on linux?
A. by using /sin/ifconfig
If no arguments are given, ifconfig displays the status of the cur-
rently active interfaces. If a single interface argument is given, it displays the status of the given interface only; if a single -a argu-
ment is given, it displays the status of all interfaces, even those
that are down. Otherwise, it configures an interface.
59. Q. How to find difference in two configuration files on the same server?
A. Use diff command that is compare files line by line
diff -u /usr/home/my_project1/etc/ABC.conf /usr/home/my_project2/etc/ABC.conf
60. Q. What is the best way to see the end of a logfile.log file?
A. Use tail command - output the last part of files
tail -n file_name ( the last N lines, instead of the last 10 as default)
61. Q. Please write a loop for removing all files in the current directory that contains a word 'log'
A. for i in *log*; do rm $i; done
62. Question: How to switch to a previously used directory?
Answer: cd -
21. Q. How to remove directory with files?
A. rm -rf directory_name
22. Q. What is the difference between internal and external commands?
A. Internal commands are stored in the; same level as the operating system while external
commands are stored on the hard disk among the other utility programs.
23. Q. List the three main parts of an operating system command:
A. The three main parts are the command, options and arguments.
24 Q. What is the difference between an argument and an option (or switch)?
A. An argument is what the command should act on: it could be a filename,
directory or name. An option is specified when you want to request additional
information over and above the basic information each command supplies.
25. Q. What is the purpose of online help?
A. Online help provides information on each operating system command, the
syntax, the options, the arguments with descriptive information.
26. Q. Name two forms of security.
A. Two forms of security are Passwords and File Security with permissions specified.
27. Q. What command do you type to find help about the command who?
A. $ man who
28. Q. What is the difference between home directory and working directory?
A. Home directory is the directory you begin at when you log into the
system. Working directory can be anywhere on the system and it is where you are currently
working.
29. Q. Which directory is closer to the top of the file system tree, parent directory or current directory?
A. The parent directory is above the current directory, so it is closer to
the root or top of the
file system.
30. Q. Given the following pathname:
$ /business/acctg/payable/supplier/april
a) If you were in the directory called acctg, what would be the relative
pathname name for the file called april?
b) What would be the absolute pathname for april?
A.
a) $ payable/supplier/april
b) $ /business/acctg/payable/supplier/april
31. Q. Suppose your directory had the following files:
help. 1 help.2 help.3 help.4 help.O1 help.O2
aid.O1 aid.O2 aid.O3 back. 1 back.2 back.3
a) What is the command to list all files ending in 2?
b) What is the command to list all files starting in aid?
c) What is the command to list all "help" files with one character extension?
A.
a) ls *2
b) ls aid.*
c) ls help.?
32. Q. What are two subtle differences in using the more and the pg commands?
A. With the more command you display another screenful by pressing
the spacebar, with pg you press the return key.
The more command returns you automatically to the UNIX
shell when completed, while pg waits until you press return.
33. Q. When is it better to use the more command rather than cat command?
A. It is sometimes better to use the more command when you are viewing
a file that will display over one screen.
34. Q. What are two functions the move mv command can carry out?
A. The mv command moves files and can also be used to rename a file or directory.
35. Q. Name two methods you could use to rename a file.
A. Two methods that could be used:
a. use the mv command
b. copy the file and give it a new name and then remove the original file if no longer needed.
36. The soccer league consists of boy and girl teams. The boy file names begin
with B, the girl teams begin with G. All of these files are in one directory
called "soccer", which is your current directory:
Bteam.abc Bteam.OOl Bteam.OO2 Bteam.OO4
Gteam.win Gteam.OOl Gteam.OO2 Gteam.OO3
Write the commands to do the following:
a) rename the file Bteam.abc to Bteam.OO3.
b) erase the file Gteam. win after you have viewed the contents of the file
c) make a directory for the boy team files called "boys", and one for the girl team files
called" girls"
d) move all the boy teams into the "boys" directory
e) move all the girl teams into the "girls" directory
f) make a new file called Gteam.OO4 that is identical to Gteam.OOl
g) make a new file called Gteam.OO5 that is identical to Bteam.OO2
A.
a) mv Bteam.abc Bteam.OO3.
b) cat Gteam.win -or- more Gteam.win
rm Gteam. win
c) mkdir boys
mkdir girls
d) mv Bteam* boys
e) mv Gteam* girls
f) cd girls
cp Gteam.OO1 Gteam.OO4
g) There are several ways to do this. Remember that we are currently in the directory
/soccer/girls.
cp ../boys/Bteam.OO2 Gteam.OO5
or
cd ../boys
cp Bteam.OO2 ../girls/Gteam.OO5
37. Q. Draw a picture of the final directory structure for the "soccer"
directory, showing all the files and directories.
38. Q. What metacharacter is used to do the following:
1.1 Move up one level higher in the directory tree structure
1.2 Specify all the files ending in .txt
1.3 Specify one character
1.4 Redirect input from a file
1.5 Redirect the output and append it to a file
A.
1. 1.1 double-dot or ..
1.2 asterisk or *
1.3 question or ?
1.4 double greater than sign: >>
1.5 the less than sign or <
39. Q. List all the files beginning with A
A. To list all the files beginning with A command: ls A*
40. Q. Which of the quoting or escape characters allows the dollar sign ($) to retain its special meaning?
A. The double quote (") allows the dollar sign ($) to retain its special meaning.
Both the backslash (\) and single quote (') would remove the special meaning of the dollar sign.
1. Q. How do you list files in a directory?
A. ls - list directory contents
ls l (-l use a long listing format)
2. Q. How do you list all files in a directory, including the hidden files?
A. ls -a (-a, do not hide entries starting with .)
3. Q. How do you find out all processes that are currently running?
A. ps -f (-f does full-format listing.)
4. Q. How do you find out the processes that are currently running or a particular user?
A. ps -au Myname (-u by effective user ID (supports names)) (a - all users)
5. Q. How do you kill a process?
A. kill -9 8 (process_id 8) or kill -9 %7 (job number 7)
kill -9 -1 (Kill all processes you can kill.)
killall - kill processes by name most (useful - killall java)
6. Q. What would you use to view contents of the file?
A. less filename
cat filename
pg filename
pr filename
more filename
most useful is command: tail file_name - you can see the end of the log file.
7. Q. What would you use to edit contents of the file?
A. vi screen editor or jedit, nedit or ex line editor
8. Q. What would you use to view contents of a large error log file?
A. tail -10 file_name ( last 10 rows)
9. Q. How do you log in to a remote Unix box?
A. Using telnet server_name or ssh -l ( ssh - OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program))
10.Q. How do you get help on a UNIX terminal?
A. man command_name
info command_name (more information)
11.Q. How do you list contents of a directory including all of its
subdirectories, providing full details and sorted by modification time?
A. ls -lac
-a all entries
-c by time
12.Q. How do you create a symbolic link to a file (give some reasons of doing so)?
A. ln /../file1 Link_name
Links create pointers to the actual files, without duplicating the contents of
the files. That is, a link is a way of providing another name to the same file.
There are two types of links to a file:Hard link, Symbolic (or soft) link;
13.Q. What is a filesystem?
A. Sum of all directories called file system.
A file system is the primary means of file storage in UNIX.
File systems are made of inodes and superblocks.
14.Q. How do you get its usage (a filesystem)?
A. By storing and manipulate files.
15.Q. How do you check the sizes of all users home directories (one command)?
A. du -s
df
The du command summarizes disk usage by directory. It recurses through all subdirectories and shows disk usage by each subdirectory with a final total at the end.
Q. in current directory
A. ls -ps (p- directory; s - size)
16.Q. How do you check for processes started by user 'pat'?
A. ps -fu pat (-f -full_format u -user_name )
17.Q. How do you start a job on background?
A. bg %4 (job 4)
18 Q. What utility would you use to replace a string '2001' for '2002' in a text file?
A. Grep, Kde( works on Linux and Unix)
19. Q. What utility would you use to cut off the first column in a text file?
A. awk, kde
20. Q. How to copy file into directory?
A. cp /tmp/file_name . (dot mean in the current directory)
Describe the differences between XML and HTML.
It's amazing how many developers claim to be proficient programming with XML, yet do not understand the basic differences between XML and HTML. Anyone with a fundamental grasp of XML should be able describe some of the main differences outlined in the table below.
Differences Between XML and HTML
XML: User definable tags
HTML: Defined set of tags designed for web display
XML: Content driven
HTML: Format driven
XML: End tags required for well formed documents
HTML: End tags not required
XML: Quotes required around attributes values
HTML: Quotes not required
XML: Slash required in empty tags
HTML: Slash not required
Describe the role that XSL can play when dynamically generating HTML pages from a relational database.
Even if candidates have never participated in a project involving this type of architecture, they should recognize it as one of the common uses of XML. Querying a database and then formatting the result set so that it can be validated as an XML document allows developers to translate the data into an HTML table using XSLT rules. Consequently, the format of the resulting HTML table can be modified without changing the database query or application code since the document rendering logic is isolated to the XSLT rules.
Give a few examples of types of applications that can benefit from using XML.
There are literally thousands of applications that can benefit from XML technologies. The point of this question is not to have the candidate rattle off a laundry list of projects that they have worked on, but, rather, to allow the candidate to explain the rationale for choosing XML by citing a few real world examples. For instance, one appropriate answer is that XML allows content management systems to store documents independently of their format, which thereby reduces data redundancy. Another answer relates to B2B exchanges or supply chain management systems. In these instances, XML provides a mechanism for multiple companies to exchange data according to an agreed upon set of rules. A third common response involves wireless applications that require WML to render data on hand held devices.
What is DOM and how does it relate to XML?
The Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface specification maintained by the W3C DOM Workgroup that defines an application independent mechanism to access, parse, or update XML data. In simple terms it is a hierarchical model that allows developers to manipulate XML documents easily Any developer that has worked extensively with XML should be able to discuss the concept and use of DOM objects freely. Additionally, it is not unreasonable to expect advanced candidates to thoroughly understand its internal workings and be able to explain how DOM differs from an event-based interface like SAX.
What is SOAP and how does it relate to XML?
The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) uses XML to define a protocol for the exchange of information in distributed computing environments. SOAP consists of three components: an envelope, a set of encoding rules, and a convention for representing remote procedure calls. Unless experience with SOAP is a direct requirement for the open position, knowing the specifics of the protocol, or how it can be used in conjunction with HTTP, is not as important as identifying it as a natural application of XML.
Can you walk us through the steps necessary to parse XML documents?
Superficially, this is a fairly basic question. However, the point is not to determine whether candidates understand the concept of a parser but rather have them walk through the process of parsing XML documents step-by-step. Determining whether a non-validating or validating parser is needed, choosing the appropriate parser, and handling errors are all important aspects to this process that should be included in the candidate's response.
Give some examples of XML DTDs or schemas that you have worked with.
Although XML does not require data to be validated against a DTD, many of the benefits of using the technology are derived from being able to validate XML documents against business or technical architecture rules. Polling for the list of DTDs that developers have worked with provides insight to their general exposure to the technology. The ideal candidate will have knowledge of several of the commonly used DTDs such as FpML, DocBook, HRML, and RDF, as well as experience designing a custom DTD for a particular project where no standard existed.
Using XSLT, how would you extract a specific attribute from an element in an XML document?
xsl:template to match the appropriate XML element, xsl:value-of to select the attribute value, and the optional xsl:apply-templates to continue processing the document.
Extract Attributes from XML Data
Example 1.
Attribute Value:
When constructing an XML DTD, how do you create an external entity reference in an attribute value?
Every interview session should have at least one trick question. Although possible when using SGML, XML DTDs don't support defining external entity references in attribute values. It's more important for the candidate to respond to this question in a logical way than than the candidate know the somewhat obscure answer.
How would you build a search engine for large volumes of XML data?
The way candidates answer this question may provide insight into their view of XML data. For those who view XML primarily as a way to denote structure for text files, a common answer is to build a full-text search and handle the data similarly to the way Internet portals handle HTML pages. Others consider XML as a standard way of transferring structured data between disparate systems. These candidates often describe some scheme of importing XML into a relational or object database and relying on the database's engine for searching. Lastly, candidates that have worked with vendors specializing in this area often say that the best way the handle this situation is to use a third party software package optimized for XML data.
What is the maximum total number of nodes in a tree that has N levels? Note that the root is level (zero)
Explain binary searching, Fibinocci search.
Explain quick sort and merge sort algorithms and derive the time-constraint relation for these. MNB
What do you mean by Base case, Recursive case, Binding Time, Run-Time Stack and Tail Recursion?
What data structure would you mostly likely see in a non recursive implementation of a recursive algorithm?
Write the programs for Linked List (Insertion and Deletion) operations
How would you sort a linked list?
Explain about the types of linked lists
Write programs for Bubble Sort, Quick sort
Write a Binary Search program
Stack can be described as a pointer. Explain.
How is it possible to insert different type of elements in stack?
Convert the following infix expression to post fix notation ((a+2)*(b+4)) -1
Evaluate the following prefix expression " ++ 26 + - 1324"
What does abstract data type means?
Which one is faster? A binary search of an orderd set of elements in an array or a sequential search of the elements.
Parenthesis are never needed in prefix or postfix expressions. Why?
How will inorder, preorder and postorder traversals print the elements of a tree?
In which data structure, elements can be added or removed at either end, but not in the middle?
How can you correct these errors?
What do you mean by: Syntax Error, Logical Error, Runtime Error?
Which data structure is needed to convert infix notations to post fix notations?
What is the average number of comparisons in a sequential search?
Which sort show the best average behavior?
What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine the position of an element in an array of 100 elements, if the elements are ordered
from largest to smallest?
The element being searched for is not found in an array of 100 elements. What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine that the element is not there, if the elements are completely unordered?
When will you sort an array of pointers to list elements, rather than sorting the elements themselves?
A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the shortest time to execute?
A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the longest time to execute?
How many different binary trees and binary search trees can be made from three nodes that contain the key values 1, 2 & 3?
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Posts
