Tuesday, March 27, 2012

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Wednesday, March 21, 2012

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Prices of Protein Items, Edible Oil Products pushed Retail Inflation to 8.83% in February 2012

According to data released by the government on 19 March 2012, retail inflation stood at 8.83% in February 2012 as a result of higher prices of protein based items, edible oil products and manufactured goods. In February 2012, the Consumer Price Index (CPI), measured by changes in retail prices remained high as compared to the rate of price rise in the wholesale market. Retail inflation, based on CPI was 7.65% in January 2012. Retail inflation in January 2012 had stood at 7.56 per cent.

Retail prices of egg, meat and fish rose by 10.62 per cent in February 2012 while milk and its products turned costlier by 15.76 per cent, year-on-year. Pulses and products saw a rise of 4.17 per cent. Price of fuel and light, and clothing, bedding and footwear segments were all registered in double-digits. Inflation in the oil and fat category went up by 12.76 per cent and condiment spices shot up by 8.68 per cent on an annual basis.

However cereals and products reported a moderate rate of price rise at 2.40 per cent. Only vegetable prices among other items saw a decline of 4.73 per cent over the February 2011 level.

The inflation rates for rural and urban areas in February 2012 were 8.36% and 9.45% in February 2012. Retail inflation in rural and urban areas was 7.28% and 8.25% in January 2012.

The all India CPI is prepared by the ministry of labour in addition to the three retail price indices for agricultural labourers, rural labourers and industrial workers.

Tamil Nadu Government agreed for Commissioning of the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project

The Tamil Nadu Government agreed for commissioning of the 1000 MW Kudankulam nuclear power project on 19 March 2012 and sought the co-operation of the people in the area for resuming work on the plant. A resolution to this effect was adopted at the state cabinet meeting.
The resolution stated that the reports submitted by the expert committees constituted by the central and state governments had clearly stated that the nuclear power plant was absolutely safe. Moreover, the livelihood of the fishermen would not be affected by the project.

Indian Ace Badminton Player Saina Nehwal won the Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold Trophy
Indian ace badminton player and World no five Saina Nehwal retained the Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold trophy by securing a victory over China's Shixian Wang in a 48-minute summit clash at Basel, Switzerland on 18 March 2012. With the victory at the Swiss Open GP she won her first title of 2012. The world number five Indian defeated third ranking Shixian 21-19 21-16 and thus defended her title.

Saina began with a healthy 11-3 lead in the first game. Saina had an early 3-0 lead in the second game forcing Shixian to claw her way back to 11-8 at the break. Saina caught up with Shixian at 13-13 after the breather and then registered four straight points from 15-all to eventually win the game comfortably.

Saina had earlier defeated Japan's Minatsu Mitani in the semifinals. She had defeated Mitani 21-16 21-18 in 35 minutes to set up a summit clash with Shixian.

Saina had reached the quarterfinal of the All England Championship in early March 2012. She has also managed to reach the semifinals at the Malaysia Open and the quarterfinal in the Korea Open in January 2012.

SIPRL Report: India emerged as the Largest Importer of Arms in the World
As per the report released by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRL) on 19 March 2012, India emerged as the world’s largest importer of arms in 2007-2011. In fact, India accounted for 10 percent of global arms imports between 2007 to 2011. The report stated that India took several measures to modernize its armed forces and signed many deals to procure military hardware. The major deals included 10 C-17 strategic lift aircraft, additional Sukhoi-30 MKI fighter jets and six C-130 Super Hercules Special Operations aircraft.

The report mentioned that in 2002-2006, China was the largest importer of arms. It is now placed at fourth position. Chinese arms industry showed improvements, which resulted in the decline of Chinese imports. The report further added that the top five global arms importer were from the Asia and Oceania.

A New Frog Species called Fejervarya Sengupti was found in Meghalaya

A new frog species was found by researchers in the second week of March 2012 at Mawphlang, about 25 kilometre from Shilong, capital of Meghalaya. The new species was named Fejervarya Sengupti in honour of Saibal Sengupta. Sengupta was the head of Aryavidyapeeth College and one of the pioneers of amphibian research.

The new species was different from all congeners in terms of body size and call characteristics. The discovery of new species shows that northeast part of India is quite rich in terms of its biodiversity, especially in case of amphibians.
Pro-democracy Activist Joachim Gauck elected as Germany's New President

Former East German pro-democracy activist Joachim Gauck was elected as Germany's new president, a position largely ceremonial on 18 March 2012. Gauck won 991 votes in the federal assembly that comprises members of parliament as well as regional delegates that elect German heads of state. He succeeded Christian Wulff. Veteran anti-Nazi campaigner Beate Klarsfeld who too was competing for the post got only 126 votes.

The office of the German president was shaken by Wulff's premature resignation as well as by the sudden departure of Wulff's predecessor, Horst Koehler. Koehler had resigned in 2010, early into his second five-year term as president following his comments on Germany's involvement in Afghanistan deemed inappropriate.

It is expected that Gauck who played a prominent role in the peaceful protests that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, will help to restore dignity to the presidency which in the recent past had been marred by financial scandals.

Gauck, a pastor based in the northern port city of Rostock had in 1989 helped to initiate protests against the communist regime in his region. He had joined a prominent opposition group in the final phase of hardline communist rule, and after communism fell he was elected in March 1990 to serve as a lawmaker in East Germany's first and only democratically elected Parliament until the German reunification in October 1990.

In 1990 he served as a member of the only freely elected People's Chamber for the Alliance 90. Following the Reunification of Germany, he was elected by the Bundestag as the first Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Archives, serving from 1990 to 2000.
After the fall of Communism and Germany's reunification, Gauck oversaw the archives of the Stasi, the East German secret police. He rose to prominence by exposing the crimes of the Stasi. He also ensured that the files were used to root out former Stasi employees and collaborators in public service as well as to understand the country's past.

He has been serving as a chairman of the association Gegen Vergessen – Für Demokratie (Against Forgetting – For Democracy). He also served on the Management Board of the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia 2001–2004.

He received numerous honours, including the 1997 Hannah Arendt Prize.

Tata Motors hiked Prices of Passenger Vehicles by up to 35000 rupees
Auto giant Tata Motors on 19 March 2012 increased prices of its passenger vehicles, including the Nano, by up to 35000 rupees with immediate effect. The move came in the wake of hike in excise duty in the Budget for 2012-13.
The price was raised as per the excise duty hike in the Budget. In passenger cars, the increase will vary between Rs 2,000 and Rs 8,000 depending upon various models.
The passenger car division of Tata Motors includes Nano, Indica and Indigo series cars.In case of utility vehicles like Safari, Aria and Sumo, the hike will be from Rs 8,000 to 35000 rupees.
The Union Finance Minister, Pranab Mukherjee in his budget speech had proposed to raise excise duty to 12 per cent from 10 per cent.
The excise duties for petrol cars with engines under 1,200 cc and diesel cars with engine capacity under 1500 cc, but the length exceeding four meters have been increased to 24 per cent from the previous 22 per cent with a fixed duty of 15000 rupees.
Petrol and diesel driven vehicles having length exceeding four meters and engine capacity of over 1200 cc and 1500 cc respectively will now be charged with an ad valorem duty of 27 per cent, instead of the earlier 22 per cent with a fixed duty of 15000 rupees.
The basic customs duty for fully imported vehicles priced over 40000 dollar and with engine capacity of over 3000 cc and 2500 cc for petrol and diesel driven vehicles respectively was also hiked to 75 per cent from 60 per cent earlier.

Jharkhand, Mizoram, Sikkim and Lakshadweep Signed MoU Under the ISSP

Four States namely Jharkhand, Mizoram, Sikkim and Lakshadweep on 16 March 2012 signed MoU with the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation under the Indian Statistical Strengthening Project (ISSP) for the States and Union Territories.
ISSP is aimed at strengthening State Statistical Systems by way of providing adequate technical and financial support to improve their statistical capacity and infrastructure. ISSP is a very important and a comprehensive project of Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, with an approved outlay of about 650 Crore rupees, out of which 80% has been funded through World Bank Loan and 20 percent is being borne by the Government of India.

Assam Government earmarked 24199 lakh Rupees on Implementation of NRLM
Assam government on 17 March 2012 earmarked 24199 lakh rupees on implementation of National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM), for 2012-13. The decision was taken in the first meeting of the general body of the Assam State Rural Livelihood Mission Society. It was held under the chairmanship of chief minister Tarun Gogoi in Guwahati. The mission will cover 42 blocks in the first phase.

The aim of the NRLM is to improve the standard of living of BPL families by providing them gainful self employment oppurtunities. Assam has recorded over 18 lakh BPL households. The mission proposes to cover all the 219 blocks in a phased manner. All the blocks were divided into seven zones.

Niger declared the Termit Massif and Tin Toumma Desert as a National Nature and Cultural Reserve

The Government of Niger, in the first week of March 2012, declared the whole area-the Termit Massif and Tin Toumma desert- to be a national nature and culture reserve. Significantly, the area is home to some critically endangered species.It is now the largest single protected area in Africa. It has an area of 100000 square kilometers.

Union Rail Minister Dinesh Trivadi tendered his Resignation

Union Rail Minister Dinesh Trivedi, tendered his resignation on 18 March 2012 to the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
Trivadi was instructed to resign by his party Trinmool Congress as the decision of increasing the rail fares did not go well with the party. Trinmool Congress chief, Mamta Banarjee had vociferously demanded the rollback of fare hikes.
Trivedi in his rail budget, which he had presented in the Loksabha on 14 March 2012, proposed a hike in passenger fares ranging between 2 paise to 30 paise per kilometre. The decision was taken to improve the ailing condition of Indian Railways.
Trivedi, a Loksabha MP from Barrackpore in West Bengal, took over as the Union Rail Minister on 13 July 2011. Trivedi was slated to be the Union Rail Minister by his party Trinmool Congress, after Mamta Banarjee quit the job.
It is for the first time in the history of independent India that a Railways Minister has been made to resign just after five days of presenting the budget in the parliament.

Akhilesh Yadav sworn in as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh

Akhilesh Yadav,38, of Samajwadi Party, was sworn in as the 33 rd Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh on 15 March 2012. He was administered the oath at Lucknow's La Martiniere college ground by the UP Governor B L Joshi .
Akhilesh, son of Samajawadi Party chief, Mulayam Singh Yadav, is the youngest chief minister of the state ever. A post-graduate in environmental engineering from Australia, Akhilesh successfully spearheaded his party to a massive victory in the UP assembly elections 2012.

Akhilesh’s all-embracing campaign across the state yielded the desired result as the Samajwadi Party did not only emerge victorious, but bagged a record 224 seats in a 403-member house which is highest in its history.

Hailing from a strong political family in UP Akhilesh entered into politics at a very young age. He first got elected to the Lok Sabha from Kannauj in a by-election in year 2000. He retained his seat in the 2004 and 2009 general elections. He has won three Lok Sabha elections since 2000 when he first got elected for the lower house.

Akhilesh a youthful face of Samajwadi party, which suffered a humiliating defeat in 2007 assembly elections, came with an all new idea to rejuvenate the condition of party in UP. His wisely strategized campaign across the state won him the support of all age group. To set up a direct contact with the masses he held cycle rallies and public meetings at various locations in the state. His Rath Yatra conducted across the state proved to be instrumental in bringing him the support of young voters.

Union Budget 2012-13: Tax Proposals

The tax proposals in the Union budget 2012-13 were guided by the need to move towards the Direct Tax Code(DTC) in the case of direct taxes and Goods & Services Tax (GST) in the case of indirect taxes. In the Budget Estimates for 2012-13, the Gross Tax Receipts were estimated at 1077612 crore rupees which is an increase of 15.6 per cent over the Budget Estimates and 19.5 per cent over the revised estimates for 2011-12.

After devolution to States, the net tax to the Centre in 2012-13 is estimated at 771071crore rupees. The Non Tax Revenue Receipts were estimated at 164614crore rupees and Non-debt Capital Receipts at 41650 crore rupees. The total expenditure for 2012-13 is budgeted at 1490925 crore rupees. Of this 521025crore rupees is the Plan Expenditure while 969900 crore rupees is budgeted as Non Plan Expenditure.

The budget stated that individual income upto 2 lakh rupees will be free from income tax; income upto 1.8 lakh rupees was exempt in 2011-12. Income above 5 lakh rupees and upto 10 lakh rupees will carry tax at the rate of 20 per cent.

The following provisions were stated under Direct Taxes:

• Tax proposals for 2012-13 mark progress in the direction of movement towards DTC and GST.
• DTC rates proposed to be introduced for personal income tax.
• Exemption limit for the general category of individual taxpayers proposed to be enhanced from 180000 rupees to 200000 rupees giving tax relief of 2000 rupees.
• Upper limit of 20 per cent tax slab proposed to be raised from 8 lakh rupees to 10 lakh rupees.
• Proposal to allow individual tax payers, a deduction of upto 10000 rupees for interest from savings bank accounts.
• Proposal to allow deduction of upto 5000 rupees for preventive health check up.
• Senior citizens not having income from business proposed to be exempted from payment of advance tax.
• To provide low cost funds to stressed infrastructure sectors, rate of withholding tax on interest payment on ECBs proposed to be reduced from 20 per cent to 5 per cent for 3 years for certain sectors.
• Restriction on Venture Capital Funds to invest only in 9 specified sectors proposed to be removed.
• Proposal to continue to allow repatriation of dividends from foreign subsidiaries of Indian companies at a lower tax rate of 15 per cent upto 31.3.2013.
• Investment link deduction of capital expenditure for certain businesses proposed to be provided at the enhanced rate of 150 per cent.
• New sectors to be added for the purposes of investment linked deduction.
• Proposal to extend weighted deduction of 200 per cent for R&D expenditure in an in house facility for a further period of 5 years beyond 31 March 2012.
• Proposal to provide weighted deduction of 150 per cent on expenditure incurred for agri-extension services.
• Proposal to extend the sunset date for setting up power sector undertakings by one year for claiming 100 per cent deduction of profits for 10 years.
• Turnover limit for compulsory tax audit of account and presumptive taxation of SMEs to be raised from 60 lakhs rupees to 1 crore rupees .
• Exemption from Capital Gains tax on sale of residential property, if sale consideration is used for subscription in equity of a manufacturing SME for purchase of new plant and machinery.
• Proposal to provide weighted deduction at 150 per cent of expenditure incurred on skill development in manufacturing sector.
• Reduction in securities transaction tax by 20 per cent on cash delivery transactions.
• Proposal to extend the levy of Alternate Minimum Tax to all persons, other than companies, claiming profit linked deductions.
• Proposal to introduce General Anti Avoidance Rule to counter aggressive tax avoidance scheme.
• Measures proposed to deter the generation and use of unaccounted money.
• A net revenue loss of 4500 crore rupees estimated as a result of Direct Tax proposals.

Given below are the major provisions under the Indirect Taxes

Service Tax

• Sevice tax confronts challenges of its share being below its potential, complexity in tax law, and need to bring it closer to Central Excise Law for eventual transition to GST.
• Overwhelming response to the new concept of taxing services based on negative list.
• Proposal to tax all services except those in the negative list comprising of 17 heads.
• Exemption from service tax is proposed for some sectors.
• Service tax law to be shorter by nearly 40 per cent.
• Number of alignment made to harmonise Central Excise and Service Tax. A common simplified registration form and a common return comprising of one page are steps in this direction.
• Revision Application Authority and Settlement Commission being introduced in Service Tax for dispute resolution.
• Utilization of input tax credit permitted in number of services to reduce cascading of taxes.
• Place of Supply Rules for determining the location of service to be put in public domain for stakeholders’ comments.
• Study team to examine the possibility of common tax code for Central Excise and Service Tax.
• New scheme announced for simplification of refunds.
• Rules pertaining to point of taxation are being rationalised.
• To maintain a healthy fiscal situation proposal to raise service tax rate from 10 per cent to 12 per cent, with corresponding changes in rates for individual services.
• Proposals from service tax expected to yield additional revenue of 18660 crore rupees.

Other proposals for Indirect Taxes

• Given the imperative for fiscal correction, standard rate of excise duty to be raised from 10 per cent to 12 per cent, merit rate from 5 per cent to 6 per cent and the lower merit rate from 1 per cent to 2 per cent with few exemptions.
• Excise duty on large cars also proposed to be enhanced.
• No change proposed in the peak rate of customs duty of 10 per cent on nonagricultural goods.
• To stimulate investment relief proposals for specific sectors - especially those under stress.

Agriculture and Related Sectors
• Basic customs duty reduced for certain agricultural equipment and their parts;
• Full exemption from basic customs duty for import of equipment for expansion or setting up of fertiliser projects upto 31 March 2015.

Infrastructure
• Proposal for full exemption from basic customs duty and a concessional CVD of
• 1 per cent to steam coal till 31 March, 2014.
• Full exemption from basic duty provided to certain fuels for power generation.

Mining
• Full exemption from basic customs duty to coal mining project imports.
• Basic custom duty proposed to be reduced for machinery and instruments needed for surveying and prospecting for minerals.

Railways
• Basic custom duty proposed to be reduced for equipments required for installation of train protection and warning system and upgradation of track structure for high speed trains.

Roads
• Full exemption from import duty on certain categories of specified equipments needed for road construction, tunnel boring machines and parts of their assembly.

Civil Aviation
• Tax concessions proposed for parts of aircraft and testing equipment for third party maintenance, repair and overhaul of civilian aircraft.

Manufacturing
• Relief proposed to be extended to sectors such as steel, textiles, branded readymade garments, low-cost medical devices, labour-intensive sectors producing items of mass consumption and matches produced by semi-mechanised units.

Health and Nutrition
• Proposal to extend concessional basic customs duty of 5 per cent with full exemption from excise duty/CVD to 6 specified life saving drugs/vaccines.
• Basic customs duty and excise duty reduced on Soya products to address protein deficiency among women and children.
• Basic customs duty and excise duty reduced on Iodine.
• Basic customs duty reduced on Probiotics.

Environment
• Concessions and exemptions proposed for encouraging the consumption of energy-saving devices, plant and equipment needed for solar thermal projects.
• Concession from basic customs duty and special CVD being extended to certain items imported for manufacture for hybrid or electric vehicle and battery packs for such vehicles.
• Proposal to increase basic customs duty on imports of gold and other precious metals.

Sunday, March 4, 2012

Integrated Common Entrance Test (ICET-2012)

Integrated Common Entrance Test (ICET-2012)
Integrated Common Entrance Test for admission into MBA and MCA Courses of all Universities in Andhra Pradesh and their Affiliated Colleges (Being conducted on behalf of APSCHE)

Applications are invited for appearing at the Integrated Common Entrance Test (ICET‐2012) for admission into MBA and MCA courses (full time/part‐time/evening/distance mode) offered by the following Universities in the State of Andhra Pradesh including their affiliated colleges for the academic year 2012‐2013 to be conducted by Kakatiya University, Warangal
Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU); Acharya Nagarjuna University (ANU); Adikavi Nannaya University (AKNU); Andhra University (AU); Dr BR Ambedkar Open University (BRAOU); Dr BR Ambedkar University (BRAU); Dravidian University (DU); JNT University, Ananthapur (JNTU‐A); JNT University, Hyderabad (JNTU‐H); JNT University, Kakinada (JNTU‐K); Kakatiya University (KU); Krishna University (KrU); Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU); Osmania University (OU); Palamur University (PU); Rayalaseema University (RU); SK University (SKU); SV University (SVU); Satavahana University (SU); Sri Padmavati Mahila Viswavidyalayam (Women’s University) (SPMU); Telangana University (TU); Vikrama Simhapuri University (VSU) Yogi Vemana University (YVU)

Eligibility criteria: The candidates should be Indian Nationals
The candidates other than Indian Nationals should satisfy the rules of the universities concerned
The candidates seeking admission for MBA should have passed recognized bachelor’s degree examination of minimum three years duration with at least 50% marks (45% marks in case of reserved categories) in the qualifying examination
The candidates seeking admission for MCA should have passed recognized bachelor’s degree examination of minimum three years duration with at least 50% marks (45% marks in case of reserved categories) in the qualifying examination with Mathematics at 10+2 level
The qualifying degree obtained by distance mode program should have recognition by Joint Committee of UGC/AICTE/DEC
The candidates who are appearing for the final year degree examination shall also be eligible to appear for ICET‐2012
Admission into any college depends on its Recognition/Affiliation by the Statutory Bodies
Qualifying marks in ICET‐2012 is 25% and no minimum marks are prescribed for SC/ST candidates
Mere qualification in the entrance test does not entitle a candidate to have been admitted into MBA/MCA course unless the candidate appears for counseling at the notified centers; applies in response to the admission notification issued by the authority concerned (for part‐time/evening/distance mode); satisfies all the eligibility criteria for admission as stipulated by the authority concerned
Test Centers: The entrance test will be held at the following 27 regional test centers in Andhra Pradesh
Adilabad, Kadapa, Mahabubnagar, Sangareddy, Visakhapatnam, Amalapuram, Kakinada, Nalgonda, Siddipet, Vizianagaram, Anantapur, Karimnagar, Nellore, Sirkakulam, Warangal, Bhimavaram, Khammam, Nizamabad, Tirupati, Guntur, Kuppam, Ongole, Vijayawada, Hyderabad, Kurnool, Rajahmundry, Vikarabad
Sale of application forms: Prescribed application form for the entrance test together with instructions booklet can be obtained in person on payment of Rs 250/‐ in cash at Head Post Offices in Andhra Pradesh and Post Offices located on the University campuses; e-Seva centers in Andhra Pradesh; designated Axis Bank branches in Andhra Pradesh as listed below
Adilabad; Adoni; Alamuru; Anantapur; Bhimavaram (Chinnamiram); Chanda Nagar (Hyderabad); Chirala; Chittor; Dilsukhnagar (Hyderabad); Dwarakanagar (Visakhapatnam); Eluru; Eluru Road (Vijayawada); Gudiwada; Gajuwaka (Visakhapatnam); Guntur; Hanamakonda; Himayatnagar (Hyderabad); Kadapa; Khammam; Kakinada; Karimnagar; Kurnool; Kukatpally (Hyderabad); Lakshmipuram (Guntur); Mahabubabad; Mahaboobnagar; Mancherial; Machilipatnam; Nandyal; Nallakunta (Hyderabad); Nalgonda; Nellore; Nizamabad; Ongole; Paidiparru; Rajahmundry; Ramnagar; Ramagundam; Sangareddy; Secunderabad; Srinagar Colony (Hyderabad); Srikakulam; SR Nagar (Hyderabad); Tenali; Tirupati; Vijayawada; Vizianagaram; Warangal
Submission of application forms: Filled‐in application forms (placed in the envelope supplied) should be submitted along with relevant documents to the Convener, ICET‐2012 either in person or by speed/registered post only on or before the stipulated dates
Applications also can be submitted on-line. However, a copy of the downloaded application, a passport size photograph and demand draft for Rs 250/‐ drawn in favor of the Secretary, APSCHE, payable at Hyderabad should be submitted to the Convener, ICET‐2012
The late fee demand drafts and demand drafts with the copies of online application forms should be sent to the Convener, ICET-2012
Application forms received after the specified date and time and incomplete application forms will be summarily rejected
Address for submission of application, the Convener, ICET-2012, Department of Commerce and Business Management, Kakatiya University, Vidyaranyapuri, Warangal-506009, Andhra Pradesh
For detailed information about instructions to candidates, syllabus and pattern of test, and Regional Centers visit www.icetku2012.net, www.kakatiya.ac.in, www.apsche.org
Important Dates
Commencement of sale of application forms 24th February, 2012
Last date for the sale and receipt of filled in application forms 29th March, 2012, up to 5.00 p.m.
Last date for submission with late fee of Rs 500/- 09th April, 2012, upto 5.00 p.m.
Last date for submission with late fee of Rs 2000/- 16th April, 2012, upto 5.00 p.m.
Date of entrance test 18th May, 2012, Friday, 10.00 a.m. to 12.30 p.m.

Physics of solor energy.pdf

ICET 2012 is an Integrated Common Entrance Test for admission into M.B.A and M.C.A courses of all universities in Andhra Pradesh ICET 2012 Syllabus MBA and MCA
ICET 2012 Syllabus MBA and MCA
Section-A:Analytical Ability: 75Q (75 Marks)
1. Data Sufficiency: 20Q (20Marks)
A question is given followed by data in the form of two statements labeled as i and ii. If the data given in i alone is sufficient to answer the question then choice (1) is the correct answer. If the data given in ii alone is sufficient to answer the question then choice (2) is the correct answer. If both i and ii put together are sufficient to answer the question but neither state-ment alone is sufficient, then choice (3) is the cor-rect answer. If both i and ii put together are not suffi-cient to answer the question and additional data is needed, then choice (4) is the correct answer.
2. Problem Solving 55Q (55Marks)
a) Sequences and Series 25Q (25 Marks)
Analogies of numbers and alphabet, completion of blank spaces following the pattern in a:b::c:d rela-tionship; odd thing out: missing number in a se-quence or a series.
b) Data Analysis 10Q (10 Marks)
The data given in a Table, Graph, Bar diagram, Pie Chart, Venn Diagram or a Passage is to be analyzed and the questions pertaining to the data are to be answered.
c) Coding and Decoding Problems 10Q (10 Marks)
A code pattern of English Alphabet is given. A given word or a group of letters are to be coded or de-coded based on the given code or codes
d) Date, Time & Arrangement Problems 10Q (10 Marks)
Calendar problems, clock problems, blood rela-tionships, arrivals, departures and schedules, seating arrangements, symbol and notation interpretation

Section -B: Mathematical Ability 75Q (75 Marks)
I. Arithmetical Ability 35Q (35 Marks)
Laws of indices, ratio and proportion; surds; num-bers and divisibility, l.c.m. and g.c.d; Rational num-bers, Ordering.; Percentages; Profit and loss; Part-nership, Pipes and cisterns, time, distance and work problems, areas and volumes, mensuration, modu-lar arithmetic.
II. Algebraical and Geometrical Ability 30Q (30 Marks)
Statements, Truth tables, implication converse and inverse, Tautologies-Sets, Relations and functions, applications – Equation of a line in different forms. Trigonometry – Trigonometric ratios, Trigonometric ratios of standard angles, (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 180°): Trigonometric identities: sample problems on heights and distances, Polynomials; Remainder theorem and consequences; Linear equations and expressions; Progressions, Binomial Theorem, Ma-trices, Notion of a limit and derivative; Plane geom-etry – lines, Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Circles, Coor-dinate geometry-distance between points.
III. Statistical Ability: 10Q (10 Marks)
Frequency distributions, Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviations, Correlation, simple problems on Probability.

Section-C:Communication Ability: 50Q (50 Marks)
Objectives of the Test
Candidates will be assessed on the ability to
1. identify vocabulary used in the day-to-day communication
2. understand the functional use of grammar in day-to-day communication as well as in the business contexts.
3. identify the basic terminology and concepts in computer and business contexts (letters, reports, memoranda, agenda, minutes etc.).
4. understand written text and drawing inferences

Part 1. Vocabulary 10Q (10M)
Part 2. Business and Computer terminology 10Q (10M)
Part 3. Functional Grammar 15Q (15M)
Part 4. Reading Comprehension (3 Passages) 15Q (15M)

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10 interesting courses after 12th standard

Here you are, at the crossroads. You have finished your 10+2, and are on a hunt for the course that best suits your taste and chances in the future. A good number of students choose Engineer, Medicine, Management or IT after their PUC. But there are other offbeat, yet interesting, courses too. Here is a collection of 10 of them. Check them out.

BACHELOR OF RURAL STUDIES

Course Detail
'The soul of India lives in its villages,' said Mahatma Gandhi. If you believe that you belong more to rural India than the urban India, this is a course for you. It instills skills in three key areas: society and personal development, agriculture and environmental management, and business management. It aims to prepare graduates to play multiple roles in the development of a rural and regional community.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Agronomy
Animal Husbandiary and Dairy science
Horticulture and Forestry
Farm Management & Planning
Plant Breeding
Agricultural Chemistry
Clothing and textile
Diet therapy
Child development
Food microbiology
Principles of economics
Eligibility
A 10+2 in Science
Career prospects
Thought a post-graduation will better equip you for a job, a BCD can work for the following:
Private sector organizations that deal with rural issues
Public service organizations for local agriculturalists
Non-profit organisations
Government agencies
Rural development

BACHELOR OF HOSPITALITY SCIENCE

Course Detail
Here is a chance to play host to the whole world. The hospitality sector includes everything from hotels, restaurants, and resorts to the local convention center. The course is designed to make you play the perfect host, equip you to be the best intra-organizational manager, understand industry trends through research, and run a business of your own by critical thinking and problem solving.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Hotel and lodging management
Food and beverage management
Event planning
Recreation planning
Industry ethics
Entrepreneurship development
Human resource development
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospects
Travel/tour Agents
Managers of Food Service Establishments
Hotel/Lodging Managers
Caterers

BACHELOR OF DRAMATICS

Course Detail
'All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.' If you love playing a big part of your life onstage, pick up dramatics. The course will hone your acting skills and tap your talent by emphasizing on emotional flexibility, improved perspective and other subtle nuances of stage acting.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Playwriting
Singing, accents, dialect and phonetics
Mime, stage combat, yoga, dance and acrobatics
Improvisation and Audition Technique

History of theatre, art, music and dance
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospects
Playwright
Performing arts
Education
PR, media and business

BACHELOR OF TEXTILE DESIGN

Course Detail
The textile degree is not just about attire design. It applies also in interior, automotive and licensing design industries. It encourages exploration in design and creativity, as well as developing technical and sustainability knowledge and digital media skills for translating textile concepts into marketable products.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)

Hands-on printing, weaving and machine knitting
Fashion illustration, trend forecasting
Creating original design
Identify marketing opportunities
Planning development strategies
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospects
Designer

BACHELOR OF YOGIC SCIENCE

Course Detail
How serene are you inside? Explore the strength of your inner self with a degree in Yogic Science. It equips you to teach Yoga in schools at primary and high school levels, and to the general public to promote positive living. Branches like Yoga & Management help create new changes in business and corporate lives.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Yoga and its Streams
Yoga for Personality
Training in Organizing Workshops/Conferences
Yogásanas & Kriyás
Applications of Yoga
Teaching Methodology
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospects
Yoga instructor
Yoga therapist

BACHELOR OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

Course Detail
This course is different from your normal IT course, even though it is very much linked to Information technology. It teaches you to plan, manage, supervise and market electronic business operations, products and services provided online. Graduates will also acquire a keen understanding of the methods and strategies used by businesses in today's marketplace as they implement technology to meet their goals.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Mobile computing and commerce
Enterprise resource planning
Business administration
Information resources management
Computer and Internet law and policy
Computer privacy and security
E-trading
Electronic marketing
Product and service networking
Basics of Macromeda Dreamweaver, Hotmetal Pro, Fusion, Corel Draw, Fireworks, Gif Animator and Macromedia Flash
Eligibility
10+2 in Science
Career prospects
Web site design and developer
Content developer
Web programming and application developer
Database administrator

BACHELOR OF TOURISM AND TRAVEL

Course Detail
The desire to explore the unknown and the unseen has been the driving force of tourism. Be a part of it and help explore. The booming industry of travel and tourism opens up new vistas every day.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Principles of tourism management
Introduction to Heritage Management
Special Interest Tourism
Tourism Geography
Tourist Market
Behavioural Science
Foreign Languages
Air Travel and Transport
Sustainable Tourism
Environment and Ecology of Tourism
Communication Skills
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospect
Travel agencies
Tour operators
Airlines
Hotels
Transport and cargo companies

BACHELOR OF JOURNALISM

Course detail
This course is for all those who have a nose for news. And options galore, from print, radio, tv to Web
Though journalism education sector is in its nascent stage
there are institutes and universities all over India that offer variety of courses. These courses equip you meet the challenges in today's fast-paced life of information.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)
Writing and Editing for different media
Page layout/design
Media ethics and history
Sources of Information
Listening, Note-taking and interviewing Skills
Techniques of using sound to enhance impact, integrating sound and script
TV Production, Techniques and Methods
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospects
In newspapers
Periodicals and magazines
Central information service
Press information bureau
Websites
Radio and TV channels

BACHELOR OF SOCIAL WORK

Course details
A degree in social work equips you to serve your country better. With issues related to women, environment, man-made and natural disasters, human rights, mental heath, HIV/AIDS and so on on the rise, opportunities for employment and career growth in social work are expected to increase in non-governmental and governmental sectors. Professionally trained social workers are required more than ever.
What you will learn (subject to syllabus)

Social Work Intervention with individuals and groups
Social Work Intervention with Communities and Institutions
Family Life Education
Substance Abuse and Counselling
Introduction to HIV/AIDS
Human Behavior in the Social Environment
Eligibility
Any 10+2
Career prospects
NGOs
Public agencies
Private businesses
Hospitals
Schools
Police departments
Courts

BACHELOR OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

Course details

The importance of imparting proper elementary education is obvious from the government's decision to introduce the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act. The Bachelor of Elementary Education programme will basically equip you understand children and teach them better. The four-year professional programme is designed to integrate the study of subject knowledge, human development, pedagogical knowledge and communication skills.

What you will learn (subject to syllabus)

Child Development
Nature of Language
Core Natural Sciences
Core Social Sciences
Cognition and Learning
Language Acquisition
Human Relations & Communications
Basic Concepts in Education
School Planning & Management
Logico-Mathematics Education
Pedagogy of Environmental Studies
Curriculum Studies; Gender & Schooling

Eligibility
Any 10+2

Career prospects
Teaching
Education departments

With Physics, Chemistry and Maths as the main subjects in 10+2, engineering is one of the main career options open. For engineering, one can prepare for entrance exams like AIEEE or the IIT-JEE to pursue a career in engineering.

If not successful in engineering, one can do a Bachelor's degree as BCA, B.Sc.(IT) or B.Sc.(CS) and follow it with a M.Sc.(IT) or MCA to enter into the IT sector.

A normal B.Sc. followed with M.Sc. and Ph.D can be a career in academics. One can also join the merchant navy by doing a course in marine engineering.

Apart from engineering, one can separately specialize in Physics, Chemistry or Maths i.e., according to the subject of his/her interest.

Today, Mathematics and Statistics are becoming popular subjects owing to their application in a wide field of study and research. A bachelor's degree in mathematics will prepare one for fascinating jobs in statistics, actuarial sciences, mathematical modeling, and cryptography; for teaching; as well as for graduate school leading to a research career in mathematics or statistics. A strong background in mathematics is also necessary for research in many areas of computer science, social science, and engineering.

A physics graduate basically do research work in various research and development establishments and government departments. Those who are having specializations in astrophysics, astronomy, geophysics, nuclear physics, meteorology can make career in respective fields. To facilitate both intensive and extensive study of physics, it has been divided into several branches.

Top 10 Engineering Colleges in India

1. Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur - www.iitk.ac.in

2. Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi - www.iitd.ac.in

3. Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai - www.iitm.ac.in

4. Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai - www.iitb.ac.in

5. Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - www.iitkgp.ac.in

6. Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee - www.iitr.ernet.in

7. Indian Institute Of Technology, Guwahati - www.iitg.ernet.in

8. Indian Institute Of Technology, Allahabad - www.iiita.ac.in

9. College of Engineering, Anna University - www.annauniv.edu

10. National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli- www.nitt.edu

Few other options that are open for PCM students are as follows:

M.Sc. Electronic Media: One can also do M.Sc. Electronic Media after your graduation. This will be more interesting and useful for you. It is a newly emerging field where one can learn about 3D animation, etc.

If interested in Mathematics: One can do your post graduation in maths. There is a huge scope in Statistics after post graduation in stats.

If interested in Chemistry: After finishing graduation in Chemistry, one can choose Biochemistry/Biotechnology or Bioinformatics at post graduation level which will be very interesting and there are great opportunities in abroad.

If interested in Computers: One can go for MCA or M.Sc.(IT) after graduation.

If interested in Physics: One can join B.Sc. Physics and then go for post graduation not only in Physics, but also in fields such as Astrophysics, Geology and newly introduced course called Geoinformatics.

After pursuing anyone of the above course, one can also go for Ph.D. For this the student can appear for NET to build a career in the field of teaching and research. All the options that we have mentioned have bright career prospects especially in the area of teaching and research.

CBSE to hold proficiency exams for Class X students

New Delhi: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has decided to hold special examinations for students of class X in May-June this year to help them determine their interest and proficiency in various subjects, a senior official has said.
The purpose of the examination will be to help the students to decide which subjects they should take up in class XI and XII, CBSE Chairman Mr Vineet Joshi said.
The examinations will determine which subjects the students are interested in and how much knowledge they have about them, he said, adding, the exams will help the students to decide which subjects they should take up next year.
A 100 marks, two-and-half hour exam will be held for every subject and questions will be based on the syllabi of classes IX and X.
The questions will be objective and the students will be given multiple choice to select their answers. However, there will be negative marking for wrong answers, Mr Joshi said.
MY Source: MSN

National level medical entrance from 2013

MCI counsel Ganesh Gole submitted before the court a communication received on December 30, 2011 from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to this effect.

According to the communication, the Union Ministry has decided to introduce the common entrance test for all medical courses offered by all colleges across the country as several states sought more time to implement new system of admissions. The court was hearing a bunch of petitions filed by the Maharashtra government, the Association of Management of Private Unaided and Dental Colleges of Maharashtra and a student Angad Randive.

The petitions had challenged legality and validity of MCI's notification issued on December 12, 2010 to hold a common eligibility-cum-entrance test on May 13, 2012.

Randive in his petition stated that the NEET syllabus was content-wise heavier than the MH-CET, the common entrance examination held by Maharashtra government.

Common test for science, engg on cards: Sibal

New Delhi: HRD Minister Kapil Sibal on Wednesday said a "resolution" on holding a common countrywide test for admission to undergraduate programmes in science and engineering is on the cards.
"We are heading towards a resolution on holding the common test," he told reporters after an extensive deliberation by ministry officials on the issue today.

Another round of meeting is expected before the proposal is put before the Central Advisory Board of Education for final approval. Today's meeting is understood to have decided on a formula for preparing an all-India merit list based on the combined weightage given to class XII exam and to a common test. The test will examine a students logic and non-subject matters.

Sibal had earlier said that weightage would be given to the marks obtained in class XII boards after the results are equalised for which Indian Statistical Institute will put in place a mathematical formula for equalisation. The IIT council and the NIT council have already given their nod to the test.

The government had constituted a committee under Secretary to the department of science and technology T Ramasami to examine implementation of a single entrance test. Six options were suggested for holding the test.

The single test, which is expected to be implemented during the 2013-14 academic session, is aimed at reducing the burden of students from appearing in multiple entrance tests.

Full marks for CBSE’s theory of no marks

There is a surge in interest among parents and students for the new evaluation system that the CBSE has introduced in Class 10
When the results were out on the last day of May this year, something that used to be predominant was simply missing on the campuses of Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) schools -- suspense and allied tension.

That could, primarily, be the reason behind the sudden rush for seats in CBSE schools. Ask Manjula Raman, the principal of Army Public School, Bangalore. "Yes, there is an increase in interest and the number of enquiries that we get. Many are changing boards to take up CBSE, especially, in the past two years."

Earlier, choosing between the CBSE and ICSE used to be a task for parents. There used to be debates about that. But the introduction of the continuous comprehensive evaluation (CCE) in CBSE schools has spared the parents of that headache.

This year, the CBSE made the Std X board exam optional for students. Students who did not wish to appear for the board exam could opt for CCE conducted by the school. The CCE grades students based on their performance throughout the year and a final exam conducted by the school. No marks, just grades, so less of stress.

Across India, 67% of the 11 lakh Std X CBSE students opted not to take up the board exams. With most students opting for CCE, the passing percentage was unusually high. The schools and students had a fair idea of what grade they would get. Besides, there were no failures as the students with a grade below D (less than 33 marks in any one or all subjects) have been considered as eligible for improvement of performance. With options like these, it has become easier to pass the Std X exam under the CBSE syllabus.

"Taking up CBSE could be worthwhile for more than one reason. Not only does the grading system bring stress levels down, the educational system provides an all-round development," Raman said, citing 15 cases where students abandoned international syllabi for CBSE. "Our curriculum is new and evolving. Of course, it's challenging too when compared to the syllabi followed by other boards," she went on to add.

Malaika G Naidu, who just completed her Class 10 under the new evaluation system, agrees. "It's more challenging and interesting now. You have many activities here like conducting research, which I found fascinating. It discourages students from rote learning, since it's not about marks here. You don't memorise things for marks, you learn things with passion and interest. Learning has also become easier and effortless, thanks to the semester system that has been introduced."

As the new evaluation system becomes a talking point, parents, who are concerned about the high levels of stress among their wards due to the kind of educational system in the country, are looking at CBSE as a like-enough solution.

"I came to know about this new system of no marks through media reports that were published when the results were out. I am really tempted to change my child's school. I want the other boards too to follow the grade system and abolish marks altogether. ICSE should be the next to follow it," said Soumita Mishra, mother of two school-going children.

Mishra is not the only parent who thinks so. Babu V Naidu has admitted both his two sons in CBSE schools and calls it a wise decision.

"Introduction of the grading system is really a good thing. Besides, the curriculum is far more holistic and there is emphasis on other activities as well, besides academics," Naidu said. Another parent Anuradha Menon said: "I am mulling over getting my children admitted to schools affiliated to the CBSE. But I'll wait for a year to do that since this new system of grading has just been introduced. After a year, if I am convinced, I will change their boards."
The flipside

With the grading system coming into play, selection has become tough for the school authorities. 'We are finding it hard to eliminate students as these grades are posing a challenge. This time, there are so many applicants for the Science stream in Class 11. How to choose? Though the board has laid down the selection criteria, it's quite complicated. According to it, almost 90% of the students are eligible,' said MK Krishnamoorthy, principal of Kendriya Vidyalaya (Air Force Station), Yelahanka.

'At our school, we have four sections in Class 11 (three for Science and one for Humanities), with 40 being the capacity for students per class. The demand for the Science stream is so high. While we can offer only 120 seats for Science in toto (that's for students from all boards), there are over 220 students from the CBSE who want to pursue Science. And, as per the grades, all 220 are eligible,' he rued.

'Even if we increase the capacity, we can't accommodate them. There is also a limit to the number of students per class,' Krishnamoorthy added. Hence, many schools are conducting an aptitude test for entry into Class 11, since selection based on grades is not a viable way. 'We have our own entrance test, since we can't go by the grades to select students for +2,' said Manju Sharma, principal of DPS South, Bangalore.

'We assess the students' skills based on the parameters that we have fixed, since the grades aren't specific,' said M Srinivasan, principal of Gear Innovative School.
But that is what the Union human resources development (HRD) ministry and its minister Kapil Sibal -- who brought out this reform -- want: to reduce that competition based on marks.

CBSE pass percentage has gone up, says Kapil Sibal

New Delhi: Lauding the objectives achieved by CBSE schools under Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) scheme, HRD Minister Kapil Sibal today said the pass percentage has not only increased but there has been a qualitative improvement in assessment.

He also unveiled the CCE certificate awarded to students from this year, which not only shows the grades secured but also mirrors overall development of a student.

Sibal said pass percentage in class X this year went up to 96.90 per cent, even as majority of students (67 per cent) opted for school based examination.

He said the notion that more marks are being awarded in practicals has been put to rest under the scheme 'as marks in practicals have reduced from 92 per cent to 73 per cent'.

Sibal said 38,377 students got top-most grades in all five subjects as compared to 11,055 last year.

Say Thanks TO MSN Education

Saturday, March 3, 2012

Books

Top 10 health tips for exam takers
1. Don’t forget to sleep!
Last minute cramming may be your style of studying, but please don’t do it at the cost of a good night’s sleep. The last thing you want to be is groggy and unfocussed during the actual exam. Make sure you sleep the night before the exam to be able to give it you best.
2. Time tables help.
Just make sure you create a realistic one – there’s no way you’re going to learn all those chemistry formulae in one night – and keep time to relax, play some sport or just unwind.
3. Eat small and frequent meals.
Heavy meals tend to slow you down – a scenario you certainly don’t want to be in during your exams. Eat lighter meals and at smaller intervals to stay fresh and focussed. This will also help reduce acidity, which tends to shoot up with anxiety.
4. Stock up on proteins and vitamins.
A healthy diet of green leafy vegetables and fresh fruits will help you stay alert. Avoid carbonated drinks and do not overdo the caffeine.
5. Try simple meditation techniques.
Deep breathing and meditating can help you tackle the anxiety that comes with taking exams. Ask an expert to teach you simple exercises to tide you through the exam period.
6. Get physical.
Another way to reduce exam related stress to is to exercise or play a sport at some point in your day. It’ll be a welcome distraction and help you feel refreshed enough to hit those books again.
7. Keep yourself cool and hydrated.
Now that we’re well into March, the mercury has started spiking in many parts of the country. Ensure you’re studying in a cool environment and don’t forget to sip on water and other fluids to stay hydrated.
8. Don’t hang around negative people.
There’ll always be that one girl in class who walks around with a cloud of gloom hanging over her head. Three revisions are not enough for her and her anxiety is seriously infectious. The best way you can avoid getting bogged down by her is to just avoid her and stick with people who have a more positive outlook at life.
9. Avoid too much TV.
You may be temped to watch television as a way to unwind. However, you’ll be better off listening to music, reading a magazine or book or chatting with a friend. This is because instead of refreshing your mind, TV tends to dull your senses.
10. Don’t lose perspective.
There’s no doubt that the activity of exam taking is a serious one. And while some amount of stress is normal, don’t let it overtake your life or affect your help. Stay focused, follow these tips and do the best you can.
Good luck!
BY Yahoo